Immunohematology/Transfusion Medicine Research Training

(申请人摘要) 我们建议在美国国立卫生研究院支持的研究培训项目中 为攻读医学博士和医学博士而设计的免疫血液学和输血医学 已完全完成这些学科的临床培训，以及 为他们提供工具，使他们成为富有成效的内科医生-科学家 对基础科学和翻译研究有持久的兴趣 相对较少的调查领域。我们相信这些都是 生物医学科学家应该在一个强调 基本的生物过程，同时提供连续的 对那些最先进的调查问题进行说教，这些问题是 免疫遗传学和输血医学相对独特的，例如， 输血诱导的免疫调节、细胞变化和细胞凋亡 体外保存、细胞工程预输血、同种异体免疫和自身免疫 循环细胞和血浆蛋白。我们的跨学科和 多部门教员包括21名调查人员(19名高级研究员和2名初级研究员， 包括医学博士、医学博士和博士)，他们有很长的协作历史 出版物、受训人员和赠款，其实验室非常有经验 在博士后、博士后和博士后同步培养中 博士前博士生。我们有培训学员的教育理念 在这个项目中必须有他们在替补席上的核心经验，即他们 需要由个人提供精心设计的培训和职业指导 见习委员会有点类似于博士前论文委员会，以及 我们必须为他们在一对一的基础上提供持续的互动场所 与其他国际公认的免疫血液学研究人员 以及来自其他机构的输血。在拨款的第一年 我们请求支持一个博士后职位，并在此之后支持 每年支持2个博士后职位。我们希望MD实习生 将需要2-3年的这一级别的培训，然后才能获得K-奖 同等学历和医学博士/博士学位1-2年，新增一名实习生 每年。我们过去成功的训练经验完全一样。 我们为此T32建议的个人类型，但使用支持机制 除T32外(个人NRSA、基金会和 类似的)。这些人都取得了成功的学术生涯。 我们坚信，机构T32将提供一个显著的 增强、协调和正规化的此类培训经验 临床医生-科学家并为这些人提供了一条更顺畅的途径 进入下一级别的独立，并最终组成下一级别 一代临床医生-科学家，他们可以弥合基本的 免疫血液学和输血的研究和临床需求。

(Applicant's Abstract) We propose to establish an NIH-supported research training program in Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine designed to take MDs and MD/PhDs, who have fully completed their clinical training in these disciplines, and provide them with the tools to become productive physician-scientists with an abiding interest in basic science and translational research in these relatively underrepresented investigative areas. We believe that these biomedical scientists should be trained in an environment that emphasizes basic biological processes and which simultaneously provides continuous didactic exposure to those state-of-the-art investigative issues which are relatively unique to immunohernatology and transfusion medicine, e.g., transfusion-induced immunomodulation, cellular alteration and apoptosis during ex vivo storage, cell engineering pretransfusion, and allo- and auto- immunity to circulating cells and plasma proteins. Our interdisciplinary and multi-departmental faculty include 21 investigators (19 senior and 2 junior, including MDs, MD/PhDs and PhDs) who have a long history of collaborative publications, trainees and grants and whose laboratories are very experienced in the simultaneous training of post-doctoral PhDs, post doctoral MDs and pre-doctoral PhD candidates. We have the educational philosophy that trainees in this program must have their core experience at the bench, that they require carefully crafted training and career guidance by an individualized trainee committee somewhat analogous to a pre-doctoral thesis committee, and that we must provide ongoing venues for them to interact on a one-to-one basis with additional internationally recognized investigator's in immunohematology and transfusion who are from other institutions. In the 1st year of the grant we are requesting support for one post-doctoral position and thereafter for support of 2 post-doctoral positions each year. We expect that MD trainees will require 2-3 years of training at this level before moving to a K-award equivalent and MD/PhDs 1-2 years with one new trainee added to the program each year. We have had past successful experience training exactly the same type of individuals we propose for this T32 but using mechanisms of support other than a T32 (individual NRSAs, research fellowships from foundations and the like). Those individuals have all gone on to successful academic careers. We believe strongly that an institutional T32 would provide a markedly enhanced, coordinated and formalized training experience for this type of clinician-scientist and provide a smoother pathway for these individuals to move to the next level of independence and eventually comprise the next generation of clinician-scientists who can bridge the gap between fundamental research and clinical need in immunohematology and transfusion.