HIV and Psychiatric Comorbidity: Selected Genetic and Epigenetic Factors

描述（由申请方提供）：拟议研究的总体目标是确定HIV-1感染受试者脑中阿片样物质、应激反应、多巴胺能和多巴胺能系统基因的特异性基因变异和表观遗传修饰与HIV-1疾病进展的关系。许多HIV-1感染者患有共病精神疾病，包括抑郁、焦虑和冲动行为。宿主遗传因素-可以改变HIV-1感染，并已被证明会影响发展为精神疾病的脆弱性。阿片类药物促进HIV-1在体外免疫细胞和神经胶质细胞中的复制，可能是通过增加趋化因子CCR 5（HIV-1进入细胞的辅助受体之一）的水平和抑制宿主HIV保护因子。将研究从国家神经艾滋病组织联盟获得的脑样本中μ阿片受体基因、OPRM 1和CCR 5的基因型和表达模式之间的关系。将检查共病抑郁、焦虑、非典型压力反应、冲动和冒险行为，其中药物滥用/成瘾可能是一种表现。为了确定外周标志物的HIV-1感染的进展，在大脑和淋巴细胞中的表观遗传因素的作用，从个人的特点，精神科合并症和滥用/成瘾，这可能会调节关键基因相关的传染性和冒险，将进行检查。在一项大型研究中，使用来自妇女机构间HIV研究库的样本，我们将研究多巴胺能、多巴胺能和阿片类药物能系统基因多态性与HIV-1感染进展之间的关系。这些变异与冲动和冒险HIV-1疾病进展的关系将被检查。阐明多态性与复杂疾病（如精神疾病和滥用/成瘾）易感性相关的功能相关性可能为未来的临床研究提供基础。此外，这些研究可能确定遗传变异和表观遗传机制在HIV- 1感染进展中的作用，并可能为HIV-1疾病伴精神病合并症的药物治疗指明目标。从这项研究中获得的信息应该有助于减轻艾滋病毒-1感染与共病精神疾病的痛苦。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of the proposed research is to determine the relationship of both specific gene variants and epigenetic modification of genes of the opioidergic, stress response, serotonergic, and dopaminergic systems in the brain of HIV-1 infected subjects with the progression of HIV-1 disease. Many individuals infected with HIV-1 suffer from comorbid psychiatric illnesses, including depression, anxiety, and impulsive behaviors. Host genetic factors-can modify HIV-1 infection and have been shown to affect the vulnerability to develop psychiatric illnesses. Opioids promote HIV-1 replication in immune and glial cells in vitro, presumably by increasing levels of the chemokine CCR5 (one of the coreceptors for HIV-1 entry into the cell) and by the suppression of host HIV-protective factors. The relationship between the genotype and expression patterns of the mu-opioid receptor gene, OPRM1, and CCR5 in brain samples obtained from the National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium will be investigated. Comorbid depression, anxiety, atypical stress responsivity, impulsivity, and risk-taking behaviors, of which drug abuse/addiction may be a manifestation, will be examined. To identify peripheral markers for the progression of HIV-1 infection, the role of epigenetic factors in both brain and lymphocytes from individuals characterized as to psychiatric comorbidity and abuse/addiction, which may modulate key genes related to infectivity and risk-taking, will be examined. In a large study using samples from the Women's Interagency HIV Study repository, we will investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in genes of the serotonergic, dopaminergic and opioidergic systems with HIV-1 infection progression. The relationship of these variants with impulsivity and risk-taking to HIV-1 disease progression will be examined. Clarifying the functional relevance of polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to complex disorders such as psychiatric illnesses and abuse/addiction may provide the foundation for future clinical studies. Also, these studies may identify the role of genetic variants and epigenetic mechanisms in the progression of HIV- 1 infection and may point to targets for pharmacotherapy in HIV-1 disease with psychiatric comorbidity. The information gained from this research should help to alleviate the suffering of HIV-1 infection with comorbid psychiatric diseases.