Role of healthy skin molecular phenotype in the switch to specific skin diseases

特应性皮炎（AD）、化脓性汗腺炎和红斑狼疮的风险显著增加。 非裔美国人（AA）人群中较高，而白色非西班牙裔（WNH）受试者中较高 牛皮癣的危害对不同炎症皮肤易感性差异的机制 疾病知之甚少。在我们的试点实验中，使用广泛验证的RNA-seq分析， 我们发现健康AA与WNH皮肤的基因表达存在显著差异， 促炎信号此外，由人皮肤制成的3D人皮肤等同物培养物（HSE） 接种在胶原基质上的原代角质形成细胞，似乎对 TNFa的促炎作用，TNFa是参与多种炎症性皮肤的原型细胞因子， 疾病这些结果表明，AA皮肤/角质形成细胞中的内在促炎回路可能 有助于AA人群中某些炎性皮肤病的发展增加 包括AD。然而，引发这种“矛盾”前驱疾病转变的分子机制 针对特定炎性皮肤病的炎性信号传导仍有待研究。三维HSE 由原代人角质形成细胞和免疫细胞以及用 Th 1/Th 17细胞因子（TNF α、IL 17、IL 22）或Th 2细胞因子（IL 4、IL 13）已成功用于治疗肿瘤。 诱导银屑病和AD典型体外形态和分子变化。因此我们 假设AA和WNH健康皮肤不同分子表型定义了分子开关 我们可以描绘出早期的重要阶段， 在使用AA和WNH 3D HSE和用Th 1/Th 17处理的皮肤外植体培养物的该过程中， (TNFa+ IL 17 + IL 22）或Th 2（IL 3 + IL 14）细胞因子。我们建议使用体外皮肤模型：3D HSE制作 来自AA和WNH成人皮肤细胞（来自同一供体的角质形成细胞、成纤维细胞和T细胞），以及 AA和WNH人皮肤的外植体培养物，由西北SBDRC的STEM Core提供， 细胞因子治疗。我们建议使用综合方法，包括RNA-seq，Q-PCR，邻近 延伸免疫PCR测定（Olink蛋白质组学），通过Vectra免疫染色确认 多光谱成像仪用于识别3D HSE/皮肤外植体基因/蛋白质表达变化的开始 在用AD或银屑病相关细胞因子治疗期间。我们将这些变化与已经 在AD和银屑病患者中鉴定/发表了非病变和病变皮肤的分子特征。 我们还将确定表皮屏障的变化，这是银屑病和AD的组成部分 病理生理学我们希望所获得的结果将揭示是否以及如何 健康皮肤的分子表型定义了向特定皮肤疾病的转变， 为不同的少数群体制定个性化的预防方法，

The risk of atopic dermatitis (AD), hidradenitis suppurativa, and lupus erythematosus is significantly higher in African American (AA) population, while White Non-Hispanic (WNH) subjects have a greater risk of psoriasis. The mechanisms that underlie disparity in susceptibility to different inflammatory skin diseases are poorly understood. In our pilot experiments, using extensively validated RNA-seq analysis we revealed striking differences in gene expression in healthy AA versus WNH skin, enriched for proinflammatory signaling. In addition, 3D human skin equivalent cultures (HSE) made from human primary keratinocytes seeded on collagen matrix, appeared to have a much more robust response to the pro-inflammatory effects of TNFa, a prototype cytokine involved in multiple inflammatory skin diseases. These results suggested that intrinsic pro-inflammatory circuits in AA skin/keratinocytes may contribute to the increased development of certain inflammatory skin diseases in the AA population including AD. However, the molecular mechanisms that trigger the shift of this “ambivalent” pre-disease inflammatory signaling towards specific inflammatory skin diseases remain to be investigated. 3D HSE made from primary human keratinocytes and immune cells as well as skin explant cultures treated with Th1/Th17 cytokines (TNFa, IL17, IL22) or Th2 cytokines (IL4, IL13) have been successfully used to induce in vitro morphological and molecular changes typical for psoriasis and AD. Thus, we hypothesized that different molecular phenotypes of AA and WNH healthy skin define molecular switch towards either pro-AD or pro-psoriasis signaling and that we could delineate the initial significant stages in this process using AA and WNH 3D HSE and skin explant cultures treated with Th1/Th17 (TNFa+IL17+IL22) or Th2 (IL3+IL14) cytokines. We propose to use in vitro skin models: 3D HSE made from AA and WNH adult skin cells (keratinocytes, fibroblasts and T cells from the same donor) and explant cultures of AA and WNH human skin provided by STEM Core at Northwestern SBDRC for cytokine treatment. We propose to use comprehensive approach including RNA-seq, Q-PCR, proximity extension immuno-PCR assay (Olink proteomics), confirmed by immunostaining with Vectra Multispectral Imager to identify onset of changes in 3D HSEs/skin explants gene/protein expression during the treatment with AD- or psoriasis-related cytokines. We will compare these changes to already identified/published molecular signatures of non-lesional and lesional skin in AD and psoriasis patients. We will also determine changes in epidermal barrier that are an integral part of psoriasis and AD pathophysiology. We expect that the obtained results will reveal whether and potentially how the molecular phenotype of healthy skin defines the switch to specific skin diseases and will set the stage for the development of personalized prevention approaches for different minority populations,