Reducing Oral Health Disparities: Early Detection of Oral Cancer

最近的美国卫生局局长的报告记录了健康差距人口经历了一个 口腔癌和咽癌的不成比例的负担。这些癌症的预后特别差 当他们在晚期被发现时，黑人/非裔美国人男性的5年生存率最低 率仅为21%。尽管如此，对基于社区的干预措施的有效性的研究很少 用于早期检测恶性和癌前口腔病变或有关成分的特定信息 在这样的促销活动中。这个翻译项目的第一个目标将测试在多大程度上 以社区为基础的媒体干预措施的组成部分，促进口腔和咽癌筛查， 根据城市黑人/非洲裔美国成年人的观点制定的，将推广到农村环境。 将使用EMEN的原则完善和测试运动的信息和媒介 使用一系列针对黑人/非裔美国人居民的焦点小组， 佛罗里达中北部各县。一旦完成，我们将测试这种定制干预的有效性 采用前后对照设计。在具体目标2中，我们将检验这种干预将 提高对口腔和咽癌及其主要危险因素的认识， 癌症筛查，感知的易感性，也减少了感知的障碍，以照顾在干预措施 与控制社区相比。我们还将测试这些变量的变化是否会 在黑人/非裔美国人中，干预措施是为他们开发的。具体目标 3将测试前到后干预，以增加两个口腔和咽癌的接收 2000例受试者的样本，随访时间长达3年。此外，我们将促进和提供一个 在干预和对照社区进行一系列免费口腔和咽癌筛查， 衡量参加产前和产后免费筛查的目标人群比例的差异， 干预后。本研究将有效干预扩展到特定的健康差异人群，农村 黑人/非洲裔美国人，并解决了促进恶性和癌前病变的早期诊断 口腔损伤本研究将为未来口腔及口腔医学的设计提供参考。 咽癌筛查宣传或其他预防或早期干预相关行为， 改善口腔健康，减少或消除健康差距的最终目标。

The recent U.S. Surgeon General's Report documented that health disparity populations experience a disproportionate burden of oral and pharyngeal cancer. The prognosis of these cancers is particularly poor when they are detected at a late stage with Black/African American males having the lowest 5-year survival rate of only 21%. Despite this, there is little research on the effectiveness of community-based interventions for early detection of malignant and pre-malignant oral lesions or specific information about components needed in such a promotion. The first aim of this translational project will test the extent to which components of a community-based media intervention promoting oral and pharyngeal cancer screening, developed based on perspectives of urban Black/African American adults, will generalize to a rural setting. The campaign messages and medium will be refined and tested using the principles of the Elaboration Likelihood Model using a series of focus groups targeting Black/African American residents of more rural counties of North Central Florida. Once this is completed, we will test the efficacy of this tailored intervention using a control group pre-post design. In specific aim 2, we will test the hypothesis that this intervention will increase knowledge of oral and pharyngeal cancer, its major risk factors, awareness of oral and pharyngeal cancer screenings, perceived susceptibility, and also reduce perceived barriers to care in an intervention community compared to the control community. We will also test whether the change in these variables will be greater among Black/African Americans, the group for which the intervention was developed. Specific aim 3 will test for a pre- to post-intervention to increase the receipt of an oral and pharyngeal cancer among two samples of 2000 subjects who will be followed for up to 3 years. In addition we will promote and offer a series of free oral and pharyngeal cancer screening at both intervention and control communities and measure differences in the proportion of the target population that participates in a free screening pre- and post-intervention. This study extends an efficacious intervention to a specific health disparity population, rural Black/African American men, and addresses the promotion of early diagnosis of malignant and premalignant oral lesions. This project will provide useful information for the design of future oral and pharyngeal cancer screening promotions or other preventive- or early intervention-related behaviors with the ultimate goal of improving oral health and reducing or eliminating health disparities.