SHARE-HRS Training Harmonization and Certification

描述（由申请人提供）：SHARE，即欧洲健康、老龄化和退休纵向调查，在2004/05年和2006/07年收集了两波关于50岁以上欧洲公民的跨学科数据。来自15个国家的约35000人接受了采访。收集的数据包括健康变量、心理变量、经济变量和社会支持变量。SHARE是根据美国健康与退休研究（HRS）和英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA）设计的。与这些调查的可比性是SHARE的核心目标。这些努力主要由欧洲委员会提供资金，并由NIA提供大量额外资金。欧盟委员会现在已经获得了2008/09年度第三波数据收集的资金，条件是除了核心变量之外，还将收集受访者的生活史。生活史将总结过去发生的最重要的生活事件和福利国家干预措施。调查的主要目的是了解欧洲过去不同的福利政策如何影响受访者目前的健康和就业状况。SHARE生活史模块是根据2007年收集的ELSA生活史紧密建模的。实现与HRS和ELSA的可比性有三种形式：(a)在设计阶段事先协调调查工具；(b)统一数据收集阶段的实地工作程序；(c)对因各国制度差异而不同的变量进行事后协调。这项建议的目的是继续人力资源研究所和资料分享中心之间在协调数据收集阶段的实地工作程序方面非常成功的合作。由于SHARE的多国家和多语言性质，SHARE数据由每个国家的不同调查机构收集。这些调查机构具有不同的背景、技能水平和往往特殊的程序，损害了收集到的数据在答复率和实际答复方面的可比性，特别是对定性问题的可比性。因此，在前两波中，SHARE采用了中央培训方法，加上彻底的实地工作监测，前者分包给密歇根大学安娜堡分校的调查研究中心（SRC），该中心也负责HRS培训。我们建议在第三波中继续并加强这一做法，以实现不仅在欧洲共享成员国之间，而且在HRS和共享之间的协调。具体而言，该申请将资助SRC的2008/09年度培训师培训计划，并通过SRC认证遵守培训方法。公共卫生相关性：各国之间，美国和欧洲之间，以及欧盟内部，健康结果差异很大。该项目将协调欧洲的卫生政策和卫生成果数据与美国的类似数据，以便更好地了解过去的国际卫生政策差异如何影响当前的卫生成果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): SHARE, the longitudinal Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, has collected two waves of interdisciplinary data on European citizens over the age of 50 in 2004/05 and 2006/07. About 35,000 individuals in 15 countries have been interviewed. Data collected include health variables, psychological variables, economic variables and social support variables. SHARE is designed after the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA). Comparability with these surveys is a core target of SHARE. These efforts have been largely funded by the European Commission, with substantial additional funding by NIA. The European Commission has now secured funding for a third wave of data to be collected in 2008/09 under the condition that in addition to the core variables life histories of the respondents will also be collected. The life histories will summarize the most important life events and welfare state interventions which have taken place during the past. They are primarily designed to understand how different past welfare policies in Europe have affected current health and employment status of the respondents. The SHARE life history module is closely modeled after the ELSA life histories collected in 2007. Achieving comparability with HRS and ELSA takes three forms: (a) ex-ante harmonization of the survey instrument at the design phase; (b) harmonization of fieldwork procedures at the data collection stage; and (c) ex-post harmonization of variables that differ due to institutional differences across countries. This proposal aims at continuing the very successful collaboration between HRS and SHARE in harmonizing fieldwork procedures at the data collection stage. Due to the multi-country and multi-language nature of SHARE, the SHARE data are collected by different survey agencies in each country. These survey agencies have different backgrounds, skill levels and often idiosyncratic procedures, jeopardizing the comparability of the collected data in terms of response rates and actual answers, in particular to qualitative questions. In the first two waves, SHARE has therefore applied a central training approach, plus thorough fieldwork monitoring, the former subcontracted to the Survey Research Center (SRC) at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor which also runs the HRS training. We propose to continue and intensify this approach in the third wave, in order to achieve harmonization not only among the European SHARE member countries, but also between HRS and SHARE. Specifically, this application would finance the SRC's train-the-trainer program for the 2008/09 wave and certification of adherence to the trained methods through SRC. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Health outcomes vary a great deal across countries, between the US and Europe, but also within the European Union. This project will harmonize data on health policies and health outcomes in Europe with similar data in the US in order to better understand how past international health policy differences have shaped current health outcomes.