T E D D Y

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 1型糖尿病（T1 DM）是儿童中最常见和最严重的慢性疾病之一，在全球范围内似乎正在增加，特别是在非常年轻的人群中。 然而，该病的病因仍不清楚。 T1 DM的易感性有很大的遗传因素。高风险HLA II类等位基因似乎贡献了40-45%的遗传风险，其他基因也被确定为提供更适度的风险贡献。 然而，在一般人群中，只有约1/15的具有高风险HLA等位基因的儿童和15的具有1型糖尿病一级亲属和高风险HLA的儿童会发展为T1 DM。 因此，其他未确定的因素在这种疾病的病因学中很重要。 流行病学模式表明，病毒、营养、有毒物质或社会经济心理因素可能单独或联合起作用。 然而，明确识别环境因素，沉淀T1 DM已被证明是困难的。 暴露和临床疾病发作之间的长时间间隔以及多个基因以及可能以复杂方式相互作用的多种损伤使调查变得混乱。 这项由NIH资助的TEDDY研究的长期目标是确定在遗传易感个体中触发或预防T1 DM的感染、饮食或其他环境暴露和心理因素。 因此，我们将研究从出生开始，来自普通人群的高危儿童和T1 DM患者亲属暴露于候选环境因素的情况。 美国（佛罗里达/格鲁吉亚、科罗拉多、华盛顿州）、芬兰、瑞典和德国的6个中心将对20多万名新生婴儿进行筛查。识别这些因素将有助于更好地了解T1 DM的病因，并可能导致预防，延迟或逆转T1 DM的新策略。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common and serious chronic diseases in children and appears to be increasing globally, particularly in the very young. The etiology of the disease however remains unclear. There is a substantial genetic component to susceptibility to T1DM. High risk HLA class II alleles appears to contribute 40-45% of genetic risk and other genes have also been identified as providing more modest contributions to risk. However, only about 1 in 15 children in the general population with the high risk HLA alleles and one in five with a first degree relative with type 1 diabetes and with the high risk HLA will develop T1DM. Thus, additional unidentified factors are important in the etiology of this disease. Epidemiologic patterns suggest that viruses, nutrition, toxic agents or socioeconomic psychosocial factors may contribute alone or in combination. However, definitive identification of environmental factors that precipitate T1DM has proven difficult. Investigation is confounded by the long interval between exposure and onset of clinical disease and the multiple genes, and possibly multiple insults that interact in a complex manner. The long-term goal of this NIH-funded TEDDY study is the identification of infectious, dietary, or other environmental exposures and psychological factors which trigger or prevent T1DM in genetically susceptible individuals. We will thus study from birth, high-risk children from the general population and relatives of people with T1DM for exposures to candidate environmental factors. Over 200,000 newborn babies will be screened by 6 centers in the US (Florida/Georgia, Colorado, Washington state), Finland, Sweden and Germany. Identification of such factors will lead to a better understanding of the cause of T1DM and could result in new strategies to prevent, delay, or reverse T1DM.