ASIAN AMERICAN DIET STUDY

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 亚裔美国人患糖尿病的可能性是白人的两倍，尽管他们的BMI较低。许多研究都着眼于人类的饮食，运动，生活方式及其生理和炎症反应。然而，没有人比较过各族裔群体的这些反应。因此，我们建议看看亚洲人和高加索人之间的生理反应，当他们从传统的亚洲饮食过渡到典型的美国饮食。这是一项为期20周的前瞻性、比较性干预试验，涉及50名有糖尿病家族史的健康个体。一半的人将是远东体面（韩国，日本，中国），而另一半将是高加索人。4周筛选期后，所有受试者将继续接受2个月的传统亚洲饮食，随后接受2个月的典型美国饮食。为了维持体重，两种饮食都是基于受试者的人体测量测量使用估计能量需求设计的等热量饮食。将要求受试者保持其先前的体力活动水平，并将为他们每人提供一个计步器，以协助监测体力活动。将在基线和每个研究阶段后进行人体测量、DEXA、前臂多普勒超声、牙科检查、一般健康/食欲问卷和血液检查（包括炎症标志物）。每周测量一次体重。 这项研究的目的是： 1)确定在美国生活的健康亚洲后裔与高加索人相比，这两个群体都有糖尿病家族史，当他们采用典型的美国饮食时，是否更容易发生炎症反应。 2)比较传统亚洲饮食和美国饮食对健康亚洲人和有糖尿病家族史的白种人的食欲、炎症血浆标志物、牙龈液和尿液、牙龈炎、血脂、胰岛素敏感性、氧化应激和内皮功能的影响。 3)评估所有参与者的牙周状况，包括基线时龈沟液中细胞因子的水平。 4)确定饮食的变化是否会影响口腔的炎症状态。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Asian Americans are twice as likely to develop diabetes compare to the Caucasians despite having lower BMI. Many studies have looked at diet, exercise, lifestyles and their physiologic and inflammatory responses in humans. However, none has compared these responses among ethnic groups. Thus, we propose to look at the physiologic responses between the Asians and the Caucasians when they transit from traditional Asian diets to typical American diets. This is a 20-week prospective, comparative, intervention trial involving 50 healthy individuals with family history of diabetes. Half of the individuals will be of Far-East Asian decent (Korean, Japanese, Chinese), while the other half will be Caucasians. After a 4-week screening phase, all subjects will be kept on 2 months of Traditional Asian diets followed by two months of typical American diets. For the purpose of weight maintenance, both diets are iso-caloric designed based on subject's anthropometric measurements using Estimate Energy Requirement. Subjects will be asked to maintain their previous levels of physical activities and they will each receive a pedometer to assist in monitoring physical activities. Anthropometric measurements, DEXA, forearm Doppler Sonography, dental examination, general health/appetite questionnaires and blood tests including inflammatory markers will be performed at baseline and after each study phase. Weight will be measured weekly. The purpose of the study is to: 1) determine if healthy Asian descents living in the United States, compared to Caucasians, both groups with family history of diabetes, are more prone to developing inflammatory response when they adopt typical American diets. 2) compare the effects of traditional Asian diets and American diets on appetite, inflammatory plasma marker, gingival fluid and urine, glycemia, lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress and endothelial function in healthy Asians and Caucasians with family history of diabetes. 3) assess the peridontal status of all the participants including levels of cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluids at baseline. 4) determine if changes in the diet affect the inflammatory state in the oral cavity.