LOW-CHO & HIGH-CHO, HIGH-FIBER DIETS & RISK MARKERS FOR THE METABOLIC SYNDROME

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 这项研究的目的是比较低碳水化合物饮食和高碳水化合物、高纤维饮食(不强调卡路里限制)对患有代谢综合征的男性和女性的胰岛素敏感性和心血管疾病风险的血液标记物的影响。在随机交叉设计中，患有代谢综合征(即与糖尿病和心脏病风险增加相关的代谢疾病)的男性和女性将分别摄入两种饮食：低碳水化合物饮食(碳水化合物15-20%；脂肪55%-60%；蛋白质25-30克)和高碳水化合物、高纤维饮食(碳水化合物55%-60%；脂肪20%-25%；蛋白质15%-20%；纤维每天30克)。每个节食期将持续4周，其中4-6周为节食期。所有膳食将在综合临床研究中心(GCRC)厨房准备，由参与者每周三天取走，所含卡路里将足以满足日常能量需求。参与者将被指示只吃到不再饥饿，并将未吃的食物退还给GCRC。我们假设，高碳水化合物、高纤维饮食将显著改善胰岛素敏感性并增强心血管健康，而低碳水化合物饮食不会。结果测量包括血液中胰岛素、葡萄糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯和几个炎症标志物的水平，以及检查前臂动脉内皮功能的超声检查程序。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The objective of this study is to compare a low-carbohydrate diet with high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet-with no emphasis on calorie restriction--with regard to insulin sensitivity and blood markers for cardiovascular disease risk in men and women with the metabolic syndrome. In a randomized crossover design, men and women with the metabolic syndrome (i.e., a metabolic condition associated with increased risk for diabetes and heart disease) will consume each of two diets: a low-carbohydrate diet (15-20% carbohydrate; 55-60% fat; 25-30 protein) and a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet (55-60% carbohydrate; 20-25% fat; 15-20% protein; > 30 grams fiber per day). Each diet period will last 4 weeks, with a 4-6 week wash-out period. All meals will be prepared in the General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) kitchen for pick-up three days per week by the participants, and will contain more than enough calories to meet daily energy needs. Participants will be instructed to eat only until no longer hungry, and to return uneaten food to the GCRC. We hypothesize that that the high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet will significantly improve insulin sensitivity and enhance cardiovascular health, and the low-carbohydrate diet will not. Outcome measures include blood levels of insulin, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and several markers of inflammation, as well as an ultrasound procedure to examine endothelial function of a forearm artery.