A PROBABILISTIC REFERENCE SYSTEM FOR THE HUMAN BRAIN - MRI PROTOCOL B

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 目的：这是NIMH继续资助ICBM（国际脑映射联盟）协议的一部分。 该计划的主要目标是继续开发人类大脑的概率参考系统，作为神经科学界使用的重要神经信息学工具。 在这个项目的过程中，我们提出并成功地建立和扩展了可用的工具，以建立宏观（体内）和微观（死后）水平上的结构和功能神经解剖学系统。 我们已经将超过7,000名受试者的结果沿着到这个系统中，并收集了迄今为止人类大脑中最广泛的细胞和化学结构。 在此次更新申请中，我们建议增加人脑白色物质束（DTI-MRI和鉴别髓鞘染色）、脑血管（MRA、MRV）、化学解剖学（酮色林-放射自显影和阿坦色林-PET）的研究，并首次使用fMRI-经颅磁刺激-PET研究人脑的连通性。 我们还建议扩大我们用于数据共享的神经信息学工具，包括一致性网站系统，该系统允许世界各地的实验室为我们不断发展的地图集提供数据，并通过实施洲际弹道导弹数据共享政策空间，以促进数据交换，同时仍然提供科学学分分配和主题保密性。 这些目标将通过由四个主要机构（加州大学洛杉矶分校、蒙特利尔神经学研究所、位于圣安东尼奥的德克萨斯大学健康科学中心和Juelich/H.海涅大学，杜塞尔多夫，德国）。 此外，亚洲和欧洲的数据采集站将继续成为这一国际计划的一部分。 通过将我们的努力与那些开发儿科MRI图谱（MNI网站）的人联系起来，有关人类大脑的信息将在整个人类生命周期（出生- 90岁）中提供。 我们将继续利用我们的beta测试站点，独立测试通过该联合体开发的工具和数据集的科学和实用价值。 采用联合体结构，将劳动力分配分成平行的、互补的任务，由该领域的知名领导人执行，与每个地点的孤立努力相比，在成本和时间方面都是有效的。 它还在参与者中创造了一个“真实的世界”环境，使得设备、软件和协议的差异实际上反映了更大的神经科学和神经信息学社区的缩影。 研究方法：该方案将在未来三年内招募69名受试者。 受试者年龄范围为18-40岁。 受试者将接受神经心理学和/或神经认知测试、aMRI和fMRI（包括FLAIR）、MR血管造影、MR静脉造影和扩散张量成像（DTI）。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. OBJECTIVE: This is part of an NIMH continuation grant for the ICBM (International Consortium for Brain Mapping) protocol. The primary goal of this program is the continuing development of a probabilistic reference system for the human brain as an important neuroinformatics tool for use by the neuroscience community. In the course of this project we proposed and have succeeded in building and expanding the tools available to establish this system for structural and functional neuroanatomy on both macroscopic (in vivo) and microscopic (post mortem) levels. We have already incorporated the results of over 7,000 subjects into this system along with the most extensive collection of human cyto- and chemoarchitecture thus far obtained for the human brain. In this renewal application, we propose to add studies of human cerebral white matter tracts (DTI-MRI and differential myelin staining), cerebral vasculature (MRA, MRV), chemoanatomy (ketanserin-autoradiography and altanserin-PET) and, for the first time, studies of connectivity in the human brain using fMRI-transcranial magnetic stimulation-PET. We also propose to expand our neuroinformatics tools for data sharing including the Conforming Site System, which allows laboratories worldwide to contribute data to our evolving atlas, and through the implementation of the ICBM data sharing policy space, to foster data exchange while still providing for scientific credit assignment and subject confidentiality. These goals will be achieved through an integrated program made up of four primary institutions (UCLA, Montreal Neurologic Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and the Institute of Medicine, Juelich/H. Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany). In addition, data acquisition sites in Asia and Europe will continue to be part of this international program. By linking our efforts with those developing a pediatric MRI atlas (MNI site), information about the human brain will be available throughout the entire human life span (Birth - 90 years). We will continue to use our beta test sites to independently test tools and data sets developed through the consortium with regard to their scientific and practical value. The use of a consortium structure, where the distribution of labor can be separated into parallel, complementary tasks, executed by established leaders in the field, has been efficient, in both cost and time, as compared to isolated efforts of each site. It has also created a "real world" environment among participants such that differences in equipment, software and protocols actually reflect the microcosm of the larger neuroscience and neuroinformatics communities. RESEARCH PLAN AND METHODS: The protocol will enroll 69 subjects over the next three years. Subject age range will be 18-40 years old. Subjects will have neuropyschological and/or neurocognitive testing, aMRI and fMRI including FLAIR, MR angiography, MR venography, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).