A Web-based Employment Intervention for Drug Court Participants

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一份两次修改的R21申请，由一名新的研究者和一个已建立的研究团队提交，目的是对女性和男性毒品法庭参与者进行计算机化、基于网络的就业干预研究。这一创新项目为毒品法庭的参与者量身定制了一项就业干预措施，并将其应用于互联网。该项目特别强调收集数据，以确定和审查就业方面的重要性别差异、就业障碍和对工作的看法，并了解网络干预经验中的性别差异。虽然药物治疗与理想的就业结果有关，但在就业地位和收入等传统的就业成功衡量标准上，女性的表现不如男性。大多数针对药物滥用者的就业干预措施都没有分别衡量或甚至考虑女性和男性的就业障碍和就业需求。在针对互联网调整干预措施后，该项目将收集女性和男性吸毒者的数据，并确定女性和男性在就业障碍、就业需求和其他与工作有关的措施方面的差异和共同点。在项目的两年里，将在15个月的时间里（大约每月12个月）从与调查人员有密切合作关系的毒品法庭中招募180名失业毒品法庭参与者作为样本。同意参加的参与者将被询问他们的工作经历、吸毒情况和犯罪史。在完成基线访谈后，参与者将被随机分配到对照组（通常是毒品法庭）或干预组（除了通常是毒品法庭外，还有基于网络的就业干预）。干预组的参与者将完成五个模块的干预，该干预以就业干预的随机对照试验为基础，重点是获得、维持和提升就业。随访访谈将在3个月后进行。该项目的总体目标是利用一项有前途的随机对照试验的结果，使其适用于互联网，并测试其对失业女性和男性药物滥用者的有效性。具体目标是：(1)将现有的针对失业毒品法庭参与者的有效就业干预措施改编为基于网络的互联网干预措施；(2)评估基于网络的干预措施对就业结果（就业状况、工作天数和收入）和次要结果（吸毒和犯罪）的影响；(3)检验性别对就业和次要结局干预的调节作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This twice amended R21 application is submitted by a new investigator and an established research team to conduct a study of a computerized, Web-based employment intervention for female and male drug court participants. The innovative project tailors an employment intervention developed for drug court participants and adapts it for use on the Internet. The project places special emphasis on collecting data to identify and examine important gender differences in employment, barriers to employment, and perceptions of work as well as to understand gender differences in experiences with the Web-based intervention. Although drug treatment is related to desirable employment outcomes, women have not fared as well as men on traditional measures of employment success such as employment status and earnings. The majority of employment interventions for drug abusers have not measured, or even considered, employment barriers and employment needs separately for females and males. After adapting the intervention for the Internet, this project will collect data from both female and male drug abusers and identify differences and commonalities between women and men in employment barriers, employment needs, and other work-related measures. Over the project's two years, a sample of 180 unemployed drug court participants will be recruited during a 15 month period (approximately 12 per month) from a drug court with which the investigators have a strong collaborative relationship. Participants who consent to participate will be interviewed about their employment experiences, drug use, and criminal history. Upon completing the baseline interview, participants will be randomized to a control group (drug court as usual) or to the intervention group (Web-based employment intervention in addition to drug court as usual). Participants in the intervention group will complete a five module intervention grounded in a completed randomized controlled trial of an employment intervention which focused on obtaining, maintaining, and upgrading employment. Follow-up interviews will be conducted at 3 months. The overall aim of this project is to use the findings from a promising randomized controlled trial, adapt it for use on the Internet, and test its effectiveness on unemployed female and male drug abusers. The specific aims are to: (1) Adapt an existing, efficacious employment intervention for unemployed drug court participants for Internet delivery as a Web-based intervention; (2) Evaluate the Web-based intervention's effect on employment outcomes (employment status, days worked, and earnings) and secondary outcomes (drug use and crime); and (3) Test the moderating effects of gender on the intervention's effect on employment and secondary outcomes.