Molecular Mammography of Her-2 Cancers using Gold Nanoparticles

描述（由申请人提供）：癌症成像对于肿瘤检测，预后和治疗的确定，图像引导手术和放疗以及监测反应非常重要。特定靶点的分子成像可以识别肿瘤类型，从而选择合适的药物。虽然与PET、SPECT和MRI相比，x射线成像应用广泛，速度更快，分辨率更高，但目前还没有针对性的x射线造影剂。在这个建议中，我们将开发分子靶向药物乳房x线照相术通过纳米技术方法使用金纳米颗粒成像癌症。乳腺癌细胞上的Her 2蛋白将通过附着在具有生物相容性的金纳米颗粒上的抗体来靶向。这将对这种突变的非侵入性体内检测有用，这种突变发生在大约30%的人类乳腺癌中，然后可以用单克隆抗体赫赛汀(r)进行有益的治疗。分子乳房x线摄影成像将改善痛苦的活组织检查所提供的有限采样，并提供更彻底的检测，即使是活组织检查和其他方法遗漏的小肿瘤和转移。这将有助于早期发现乳腺癌。更好的肿瘤定义也将提高精确的放疗、手术和随访监测。如果成功，这项技术可以应用于其他肿瘤的早期检测和生化分型，以获得更有效的个性化治疗。对公共卫生：将开发一种利用纳米技术的新方法，以改进通过乳房x线照相术对乳腺癌类型的非侵入性成像和检测。这不仅可以在没有痛苦的活组织检查的情况下更好地早期发现较小的肿瘤和转移，而且可以确定肿瘤类型，以便针对该类型施用特定的药物。这种检测Her2型乳腺癌的需求是存在的，这种乳腺癌约占乳腺癌的30%，在这种情况下，特异性药物赫赛汀（Herceptin）是可用的，可以提高生存率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cancer imaging is important for tumor detection, determination of prognosis and treatments, image guided surgery and irradiation, as well as for monitoring responses. Molecular imaging of specific targets could identify tumor types and enable selection of appropriate drugs. Although x-ray imaging is widely used and more rapid with higher resolution compared to PET, SPECT, and MRI, there are currently no targeted x-ray contrast agents. In this proposal we will develop molecular targeted agents for mammography by a nanotechnology approach using gold nanoparticles for imaging cancers. The Her 2 protein on breast cancer cells will be targeted by use of antibodies attached to biocompatible gold nanoparticles using a mouse model. This would then be useful for non-invasive in vivo detection of this mutation which occurs in about 30% of human breast cancers that could then be beneficially treated with the monoclonal antibody Herceptin(r). Molecular mammography imaging would improve on the limited sampling afforded by painful biopsies and provide more thorough detection of even small tumors and metastases missed by biopsies and other methods. It would enable earlier detection of breast cancer. Better tumor definition would also improve precise radiotherapy, surgery, and follow-up monitoring. If successful, this technology could be applied to other tumors for early detection and biochemical typing for more effective individualized treatments. To Public Health: A novel method using nanotechnology will be developed for improved non-invasive imaging and detection of breast cancer types by mammography. This should not only enable better early detection of smaller tumors and metastases without painful biopsies, but identify tumor types so that specific drugs for the type can be administered. Such a need exists to detect Her2 breast cancers, which account for about 30% of breast cancers, where the specific drug Herceptin(r) is available and improves survival.