PEDIATRIC BRAIN IMAGING

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目及 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 许多儿童期发病的最严重的神经精神疾病是偏离正常大脑发育路径的表现，其解剖学基础可以通过磁共振成像（MRI）检测，我们的团队一直在获取和分析健康和精神病儿童，青少年和成人的大脑MRI扫描。研究设计是纵向的，不仅评估大脑大小或形状的差异，而且绘制出健康和疾病中各种大脑结构的发育曲线。将大脑成像信息与广泛的行为和神经心理学测试以及遗传数据相结合，使我们能够探索基因，大脑和行为之间的关系。在临床上，该项目包括ADHD和儿童期发作精神分裂症的最大的成像研究。在这些领域中的每一个领域都对文献作出了重要贡献。规范性开发部分利用了世界上最大的儿童脑MRI扫描（N = 1000），并作为世界各地许多神经影像学项目的资源。为了评估大脑中的性别差异，我们正在检查X和Y染色体数量变化的受试者（即Klinefelter综合征，XXXY）和激素异常的受试者（即Cushings病，先天性肾上腺增生，家族性性早熟）。为了评估先天/后天问题，我们正在研究单卵双胞胎和双卵双胞胎的大脑发育。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Driven by the hypothesis that many of the most severe neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood onset are manifestations of deviations from the path of normal brain development, the anatomical substrates of which can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), our team has been acquiring and analyzing brain MRI scans from healthy and psychiatrically ill children, adolescents, and adults. The study design is longitudinal to assess not only brain size or shape differences but to map out the developmental curves for a variety of brain structures in health and in illness. Combining the brain imaging information with extensive behavioral and neuropsychological testing as well as genetic data allows us to explore the relationship between genes, brain, and behavior. Clinically, the project encompasses the largest imaging studies of ADHD and Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia. Seminal contributions to the literature have been produced in each of these areas. The normative development component utilizes the world's largest collection of well-characterized pediatric brain MRI scans (N = 1000) and serves as a resource for many neuroimaging projects throughout the world. To assess sex differences in the brain, we are examining subjects with variations in the number of X and Y chromosomes (i.e. Klinefelter Syndrome, XXXY) and subjects with hormone anomalies (i.e. Cushings disease, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Familial Precocious Puberty). To assess nature/nurture questions we are studying brain development in mono and dizygotic twins.