Oral Health of Latino and Ethiopian Children and Their Mothers

描述(由申请人提供)：摘要随着《2010年健康人》和卫生与公众服务部(DHHS)战略计划的启动；消除卫生和保健方面的差距的目标已牢牢地列入国家卫生议程。为了实现这些目标，医学研究所的不平等治疗报告建议国土安全部监测消除医疗差距的进展情况。该报告指出，对非非洲裔美国少数民族群体的医疗保健差距的研究相对较少。龋齿及其并发症是国家牙科和颅面研究所消除健康差距计划的具体目标。尽管在了解龋病过程和预防龋病的工具方面取得了重大进展，但龋病仍然是儿童，特别是少数族裔和低收入儿童中最普遍的传染病。学龄前儿童的龋病，也被称为早期儿童龋病，特别令人担忧，因为它的有害影响在晚年才会出现，而且即使在全身麻醉的手术室里，它的治疗也需要专门的护理。儿童早期龋病是指年龄在71个月或以下的儿童乳牙中有一颗或一颗以上的龋齿(非空洞或空洞病变)、缺失(由于龋齿)或充满牙面。这一混合方法、以社区为基础的参与性研究项目的总体目标是提高拉美裔和埃塞俄比亚儿童及其母亲对儿童早期龋齿和障碍的了解，并促进他们利用牙科保健服务。这一项目有四个主要目标：1)确定城市社区卫生中心0-5岁拉丁裔和埃塞俄比亚儿童的主要照料者母亲与口腔健康有关的知识、态度和行为；2)比较城市社区卫生中心牙科服务使用者和非使用者的人口统计和社会文化特征；3)确定拉美裔、埃塞俄比亚和其他儿童及其接受牙科服务的主要照顾者母亲的患龋率和风险标记物(目标1和2中确定的)，以及(4)为城市社区卫生中心工作人员提供培训员口腔健康教育。该项目将提供关于中南美洲和埃塞俄比亚移民口腔健康、父母对幼儿牙痛的态度和信念以及产妇口腔健康知识、信念和态度的必要信息。通过这一合作项目获得的信息将用于规划华盛顿特区的联邦合格健康中心(FQHC)(玛丽母婴护理中心)以及DC地区以外的其他中美洲、南美洲和埃塞俄比亚社区的口腔健康教育工作，并支持NHLBI拉美裔社区健康研究的辅助口腔健康研究，以及临床试验规划拨款。公共卫生相关性：将通过焦点小组、健康访谈调查和0-5岁拉丁裔和埃塞俄比亚儿童及其在城市社区卫生中心的主要照顾者母亲的牙科检查，收集关于龋齿(儿童中最常见的传染病)、牙科服务的使用以及口腔健康知识、态度和行为的信息。这些信息将用于向城市社区卫生中心的工作人员提供口腔健康教育。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Abstract With the launch of Healthy People 2010 and the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) strategic plan; goals to eliminate disparities in health and health care have been firmly placed on the national health agenda. To achieve these goals, the Institute of Medicine's Unequal Treatment report recommended that DHHS monitor progress toward the elimination of health care disparities. The report noted the relative paucity of research in health care disparities for non-African American minority groups. Dental caries and its complications are specifically targeted by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research's Plan to Eliminate Health Disparities. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the caries process and in the tools to prevent it, caries is still the most prevalent infectious disease among children, particularly minority and low-income children. Caries in preschool children, also known as Early Childhood Caries, is of particular concern given that its deleterious effects are seen later in life and its treatment requires specialized care even in the operating room under general anesthesia. Early Childhood Caries is the presence of 1 or more decayed (noncavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age or younger. The overall goal of this mixed-method, community based participatory research project is to improve understanding of early childhood caries and barriers and facilitators for dental care services utilization among Latino and Ethiopian children and their mothers. There are four main aims of this project: 1) Identify knowledge, attitudes and behaviors relating to oral health among mothers who are main caregivers of 0-5 year old Latino and Ethiopian children attending an urban community health center, (2) Compare demographic and sociocultural characteristics of users and nonusers of dental services at an urban community health center, (3) Determine the rate of caries and risk markers (identified in Aims 1 and 2) for Latino, Ethiopian and other children 0-5 years of age and their main caregiver mothers who receive dental services, and (4) Provide train- the-trainer oral health education for personnel of an urban community health center. This project will provide needed information regarding oral health of Central/South American and Ethiopian immigrants, parents' attitudes and beliefs towards dental pain in young children, and maternal oral health knowledge, beliefs and attitudes. Information gained through this collaborative project will be used to plan oral health education efforts at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in Washington DC (Mary's Center for Maternal and Child Care), and other Central/South American and Ethiopian communities outside the DC area and support ancillary oral health studies for the NHLBI Hispanic Community Health Study, and a clinical trial planning grant. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Information on dental caries (the most common infectious disease among children); the use of dental services; and oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors will be gathered through focus groups, health interview surveys and dental examinations for 0-5 year old Latino and Ethiopian children and their main caregiver mothers attending an urban community health center. This information will be used to provide education on oral health to personnel of an urban community health center.