Enhancing Message Design in Tailored Computerized HIV/STI Interventions

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将涉及开发和试点测试的交互式计算机定制的干预计划，用于艾滋病毒/性病预防的风险异性恋活跃的非洲裔美国人性病诊所患者，年龄18-44。态度-社会-影响效能模型将作为干预和定制反馈的概念基础，它将分别对主要/固定和其他/临时伴侣进行评估并向参与者提供反馈。将为关键的理论概念开发单独的模块，然后将其捆绑在一起成为一个综合系统。此外，还将通过制作具有高信息感知价值的干预信息，并通过开发技能建设的互动干预活动来加强定制反馈，这些活动将以社会认知理论和技能培训原则为指导。将利用从目标受众收集的数据制定和指导计算机化干预措施，以确保采用基于实践的定制方法。还将根据目标受众的投入制定干预措施，以最大限度地提高反馈和方案的适当性和说服力，包括互动部分。该项目的最后一年将对干预措施进行试点测试，以收集关于这种干预措施在有风险的异性恋活跃的非洲裔美国人中增加安全性行为的可接受性和有效性的初步数据。本研究的具体目标是：1）根据ASE模型，针对性地开发艾滋病/性病预防反馈，包括安全套态度、社会影响、自我效能感（包括沟通/谈判技巧）、伴侣和行为风险、正确使用安全套以及安全套变化阶段; 2）以社会认知理论为指导，运用感觉寻求定向（SENTAR）和互动活动培养技能，加强信息的传递（3）将各个理论模块结合起来，制定一个预防艾滋病毒/性传播感染的计算机化干预方案，根据对参与者特征的评估，向参与者提供量身定制的减少风险信息;（4）针对目标受众，根据经验制定合理的分界点，以指导信息的定制; 5）在等待名单对照组设计中，相对于“常规护理”比较条件，对干预措施在增加处于危险中的异性性行为活跃的非洲裔美国人与主要和临时性伙伴的安全套使用方面的可接受性和有效性进行初步测试。目前的应用程序与公共卫生有关，因为它侧重于在高危群体，即非洲裔美国人中预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病。该应用程序旨在开发和评估一个基于计算机的程序，以帮助来到性传播疾病诊所的非洲裔美国人采取更安全的性行为。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will involve the development and pilot testing of an interactive computerized tailored intervention program for HIV/STI prevention among at-risk heterosexually active African-American STI clinic patients, aged 18-44. The Attitude-Social-Influence Efficacy model will serve as a conceptual foundation for the intervention and tailored feedback, which will assess and give feedback to participants separately for main/steady and other/casual partners. Individual modules will be developed for key theoretical concepts and subsequently tied together into an integrated system. The tailored feedback will additionally be enhanced by crafting intervention messages to be high in message sensation value and by developing interactive intervention activities for skill-building, which will be guided by both Social Cognitive Theory and skills training principles. The computerized intervention will be developed and guided using data collected from the target audience to ensure an empirically-based approach to tailoring. The intervention will also be developed with input from the target audience in order to maximize the appropriateness and persuasiveness of the feedback and the program, including interactive components. The final year of the project will entail a pilot test of the intervention in order to gather preliminary data on the acceptability and efficacy of such an intervention for increasing safer sexual behaviors among at-risk heterosexually active African- Americans. The specific aims of the study are: 1) to develop tailored feedback on HIV/STI prevention based on the ASE model, including condom attitudes, social influences, self-efficacy including communication / negotiation skills, partner and behavioral risk, correct condom use, and condom stages of change; 2) to enhance the delivery of the tailored messages using sensation- seeking targeting (SENTAR) and skill-building using interactive activities guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and skills training principles; 3) to tie the individual theoretical modules together and develop a computerized intervention program for HIV/STI prevention, which provides tailored risk reduction messages to participants based upon an assessment of participant characteristics; 4) to develop empirically sound cutpoints, specific to the target audience, to guide the message tailoring; and 5) in a wait-list control group design, to pilot test the intervention for acceptability and efficacy in increasing condom use with main and casual partners among at-risk heterosexually active African-Americans, relative to a "usual care" comparison condition. The current application is relevant to public health because it focuses on preventing HIV/AIDS in a high-risk group, namely African-Americans. The application aims to develop and evaluate a computer-based program to help African-Americans who come to a sexually transmitted disease clinic adopt safer sex practices.