HUMAN IMMUNOLOGIC MONITORING

CD8+T细胞对肿瘤抗原的特异性识别及单抗与肿瘤抗原的结合 肿瘤靶点是免疫介导的肿瘤排斥反应的主要效应机制。这个 这些相互作用的精妙特异性为癌症免疫疗法赢得了一项 靶向治疗。FDA批准了几个单抗，加强了这一领域的兴奋 抗体，如乳腺癌的赫赛汀和淋巴瘤的Rituxan，以及两种细胞因子， 白介素2和干扰素-a，用于治疗黑色素瘤和肾癌。此外，同种异体 骨髓移植通过细胞介导的移植物抗肿瘤发挥治疗作用 免疫反应。然而，这些疗法的疗效仍然不太理想。改进了 现有药物的有效性，开发新的免疫治疗干预措施(如抗癌 疫苗)，并阐明研究治疗成功与失败的机制，所有 需要对科学终点进行仔细监测。 人类免疫监测设施的主要目的是在 癌症患者临床试验的背景。因此，它是一个专门的实验室，用于评估 对影响免疫细胞的药物或干预措施作出反应的药效学参数。这 这项服务为一系列临床癌症研究人员提供了帮助，他们不一定拥有实验室专业知识 在参与研究的受试者中测量免疫终点。该设施还 监测其他药物(如信号转导抑制剂)的生物效应 淋巴细胞或其他造血细胞作为替代组织。最后，我们核心的技术专家 与cGMP设备对接，以进行临床级别产品的准备，如癌症 疫苗，用于给病人注射。因此，该设施位于我们的临床/翻译中心 在癌症免疫治疗方面的努力，对于其他新药的科学研究是至关重要的。

The specific recognition of tumor antigens by CD8+ T cells, and the binding of monoclonal antibodies to tumor targets represent the main effector mechanisms for immune-mediated tumor rejection. The exquisite specificity of these interactions has earned cancer immunotherapy the designation as a targeted therapy. Excitement in this area was reinforced by the FDA approval of several monoclonal antibodies, such as Herceptin for breast cancer and Rituxan for lymphoma, as well as two cytokines, interleukin-2 and interferon-a, for the treatment of melanoma and kidney cancer. In addition, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has therapeutic effects through a cell-mediated graft-versus-tumor immune response. However, the efficacy of these therapies is still suboptimal. Improving upon the effectiveness of current agents, developing new immunotherapeutic interventions (such as anti-cancer vaccines), and elucidating the mechanism of success versus failure of investigational treatments, all require careful monitoring of scientific endpoints. The main purpose of the Human Immunologic Monitoring Facility is to perform such assays in the context of clinical trials in cancer patients. As such, it serves as a specialized laboratory for evaluating pharmacodynamic parameters in response to agents or interventions that impact on immune cells. This service enables a range of clinical cancer researchers, who don't necessarily have laboratory expertise themselves, to measure immunologic endpoints in participating study subjects. The Facility also monitors biologic effects of other pharmacologic agents (such as signal transduction inhibitors) using lymphocytes or other hematopoietic cells as a surrogate tissue. Finally, the technologists of our Core interface with the cGMP Facility to carry out the preparation of clinical-grade products, such as cancer vaccines, for administration to patients. Thus, this Facility lies at the heart of our clinical/translational effort in cancer immunotherapy, and is vital for the scientific investigation of additional novel agents.