Neighborhood Impact on Physical Activity in At-Risk Older Adults

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管定期体力活动（PA）的公认益处，但老年人是美国人口中最不活跃的部分，使他们面临许多慢性疾病和病症的风险增加，包括心血管疾病，糖尿病和体重增加。努力了解影响这一重要的高危人群的身体活动的因素主要限于人口和心理社会领域。虽然越来越多的个人适应的干预措施已开发的老年人，很少有系统的调查研究的影响，客观和主观的环境因素对身体活动的增加在干预范围内。该项目利用了最近完成的NIH多中心临床试验的采样，招募和数据收集方法，旨在评估70-89岁社区居住成年人（LIFE-P试验）的身体活动干预对健康的影响。拟议研究的主要目的是调查LIFE-P参与者在调整研究地点（San弗朗西斯科湾区，CA，达拉斯，TX，匹兹堡，PA，温斯顿-塞勒姆，NC）和其他感兴趣的变量后，其社区环境的可步行性是否促进或阻碍了LIFE-P参与者进行更多身体活动的系统尝试。其他感兴趣的问题关注身体功能，SES，健康状况和感知邻里凝聚力的环境/体力活动干预关系的调节作用。丰富的LIFE-P数据集包括12个月期间关键健康变量的多个测量值（例如，健康状况、客观确定和感知的身体功能、身体活动、生活质量）。它将与针对参与者社区环境的稳定元素（包括客观宏观尺度和观察到的微观尺度建筑环境特征以及感知的社区变量）的新获取的数据相结合。这项研究得益于一个多学科国际团队的专业知识。它将提供重要的概念和公共卫生信息，这些信息可以为与修改社区环境特征相关的干预和政策决策提供信息，以促进身体脆弱的老年人的身体活动和其他健康和生活质量结果-这是一个代表美国人口中流行，久坐和服务不足的群体。公共卫生相关性：这项研究将提供重要的概念和公共卫生信息，可以为干预和政策决策提供信息，这些干预和政策决策与修改社区环境特征有关，以促进身体脆弱的老年人的身体活动和其他健康和生活质量结果，这是一个代表美国人口中流行，久坐和服务不足的群体。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite the recognized benefits of regular physical activity (PA), older adults are the most inactive segment of the U.S. population, putting them at increased risk for a number of chronic diseases and conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and weight gain. Efforts to understand the factors influencing physical activity in this important at-risk group have been limited primarily to demographic and psychosocial domains. While an increasing number of individually-adapted interventions have been developed for older adults, few systematic investigations have studied the impacts of objective and subjective environmental factors on physical activity increases within an intervention context. The proposed project takes advantage of the sampling, recruitment, and data collection methods of a recently completed NIH multi-site clinical trial aimed at evaluating the health-related impacts of a physical activity intervention in community-dwelling adults ages 70-89 years (LIFE-P trial). The primary objective of the proposed study is to investigate whether LIFE-P participants' systematic attempts to become more physically active were facilitated or impeded by the walkability of their neighborhood environments after adjusting for study site (San Francisco Bay area, CA, Dallas, TX, Pittsburgh, PA, Winston-Salem, NC) and other variables of interest. Additional questions of interest concern the moderating effects of physical function, SES, health status, and perceived neighborhood cohesion on the environment/ physical activity intervention relationship. The rich LIFE-P dataset includes multiple measurements of key health variables over a 12-month period (e.g., health status, objectively determined and perceived physical functioning, physical activity, quality of life). It will be combined with newly acquired data targeting stable elements of participants' neighborhood environments (including objective macro-scale and observed micro-scale built environment features, and perceived neighborhood variables). This study benefits from the expertise of a multi-disciplinary international team. It will contribute important conceptual and public health information that can inform intervention and policy decisions related to modifying neighborhood environment characteristics to promote physical activity and other health and quality of life outcomes among physically vulnerable older adults-- a group representing a prevalent, sedentary, and under-served segment of the U.S. population. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will contribute important conceptual and public health information that can inform intervention and policy decisions related to modifying neighborhood environment characteristics to promote physical activity and other health and quality of life outcomes among physically vulnerable older adults a group representing a prevalent, sedentary, and under-served segment of the U.S. population.