ASIAN AMERICAN DIET STUDY

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 尽管亚裔美国人的BMI较低，但患糖尿病的可能性是高加索人的两倍。许多研究着眼于人类的饮食、运动、生活方式及其生理和炎症反应。然而，没有人将这些反应在不同种族之间进行比较。因此，我们建议观察亚洲人和高加索人从传统的亚洲饮食过渡到典型的美国饮食时的生理反应。这是一项为期20周的前瞻性、可比性干预试验，涉及50名有糖尿病家族史的健康个体。一半的人将是远东体面的人(韩国人、日本人、中国人)，而另一半人将是高加索人。在为期4周的筛选阶段后，所有受试者将接受2个月的传统亚洲饮食，然后是2个月的典型美国饮食。为了保持体重，两种饮食都是等热量设计的，基于受试者的人体测量，使用估计能量需求。受试者将被要求保持他们以前的体力活动水平，他们每个人都将收到一个计步器来帮助监测体力活动。将在基线和每个研究阶段之后进行人体测量、DEXA、前臂多普勒超声检查、牙科检查、一般健康/食欲问卷调查和包括炎症标志物在内的血液测试。每周都会测量体重。 研究的目的是： 1)确定居住在美国的健康亚裔与有糖尿病家族史的高加索人相比，在采用典型的美国饮食时，是否更容易发生炎症反应。 2)比较传统亚洲饮食和美国饮食对有糖尿病家族史的健康亚洲人和高加索人的食欲、炎性血浆标志物、牙周液和尿液、血糖、血脂、胰岛素敏感性、氧化应激和内皮功能的影响。 3)评估所有参与者的牙周状态，包括基线时牙周沟液中细胞因子的水平。 4)确定饮食的变化是否会影响口腔内的炎症状态。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Asian Americans are twice as likely to develop diabetes compare to the Caucasians despite having lower BMI. Many studies have looked at diet, exercise, lifestyles and their physiologic and inflammatory responses in humans. However, none has compared these responses among ethnic groups. Thus, we propose to look at the physiologic responses between the Asians and the Caucasians when they transit from traditional Asian diets to typical American diets. This is a 20-week prospective, comparative, intervention trial involving 50 healthy individuals with family history of diabetes. Half of the individuals will be of Far-East Asian decent (Korean, Japanese, Chinese), while the other half will be Caucasians. After a 4-week screening phase, all subjects will be kept on 2 months of Traditional Asian diets followed by two months of typical American diets. For the purpose of weight maintenance, both diets are iso-caloric designed based on subject's anthropometric measurements using Estimate Energy Requirement. Subjects will be asked to maintain their previous levels of physical activities and they will each receive a pedometer to assist in monitoring physical activities. Anthropometric measurements, DEXA, forearm Doppler Sonography, dental examination, general health/appetite questionnaires and blood tests including inflammatory markers will be performed at baseline and after each study phase. Weight will be measured weekly. The purpose of the study is to: 1) determine if healthy Asian descents living in the United States, compared to Caucasians, both groups with family history of diabetes, are more prone to developing inflammatory response when they adopt typical American diets. 2) compare the effects of traditional Asian diets and American diets on appetite, inflammatory plasma marker, gingival fluid and urine, glycemia, lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress and endothelial function in healthy Asians and Caucasians with family history of diabetes. 3) assess the peridontal status of all the participants including levels of cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluids at baseline. 4) determine if changes in the diet affect the inflammatory state in the oral cavity.