Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) with Offenders

描述（由申请人提供）：筛选、短暂干预和转诊治疗（SBIRT）是一种基于证据的做法，已被发现在减少酒精和非法药物使用方面有效，主要适用于医疗中心、初级保健办公室、急诊室和学院和大学招募的人员。但SBIRT有可能适用于其他有药物使用问题或有药物使用问题风险的人群。特别是，罪犯吸毒和酗酒的发生率很高，严重程度各不相同，而且往往没有得到适当的干预，原因是方案有限、动机低或对其吸毒后果缺乏认识。该研究建议对监狱囚犯进行SBIRT干预的有效性测试，目的是改善公共安全和公共卫生。加州大学洛杉矶分校药物滥用综合项目（ISAP）基于以往和目前对药物滥用罪犯治疗的研究，以及samhsa资助的针对洛杉矶监狱在押人员的SBIRT研究所建立的基础设施，提出了一项为期四年的随机实地研究，以检验SBIRT对已被定罪并即将出狱的罪犯的有效性。我们将在洛杉矶县的两个监狱设施中招募囚犯，一个是男性，一个是女性，并随机将他们分配到治疗组（N= 400）或对照组（N= 400）。将收集基线人口统计数据。在研究进入12个月后，所有研究参与者将被联系进行随访访谈。实验研究将使用人工干预组成部分，将在社区环境（监狱和当地社区治疗系统）内执行，因此将试图适当考虑到内部和外部有效性的问题。据我们所知，这将是对罪犯群体进行的第一次严格的SBIRT测试。本研究的科学目的是：(1)评估SBIRT在监狱囚犯参与一系列干预（短暂干预、短暂治疗和转介到长期干预）方面的有效性

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Screening Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based practice that has been found to be effective in reducing alcohol and illicit drug use, mainly among persons recruited in medical centers, primary care offices, emergency rooms, and colleges and universities. But SBIRT has the potential to be applicable to other populations that have, or that are at risk for, substance use problems. In particular, offenders have high prevalence of drug and alcohol use at varying levels of severity and often do not receive adequate intervention, either because of limited availability of programs, low motivation, or lack of awareness of the consequences of their substance use. The study proposes to test the effectiveness of an SBIRT intervention with jail inmates, with the goal of improving public safety and public health. Building on previous and current research on treatment for substance-abusing offenders and on the infrastructure established by a SAMHSA-funded SBIRT study with jail detainees in Los Angeles, the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs (ISAP) is proposing a four-year randomized field study to examine the effectiveness of SBIRT with offenders who have been convicted and are about to be released from jail. We will recruit inmates at two jail facilities in Los Angeles County, one for men and one for women, and randomly assign them to the treatment (SBIRT) group (N= 400) or to the control (no intervention) group (N = 400). Baseline demographic data will be collected. Twelve months after study admission, all study participants will be contacted for a follow-up interview. The experimental study will use manualized intervention components, will be implemented within a community setting (jails and a local community treatment system), and will thus attempt to give due consideration to issues of both internal and external validity. To our knowledge, this would be the first rigorous test of SBIRT with an offender population. The scientific aims of the study are: (1) Assess the effectiveness of SBIRT with jail inmates in terms of participation in a graduated series of interventions (brief intervention, brief treatment, and referral to longer-term treatment) depending on risk level. (2) At 12 months after study admission, determine the effectiveness of SBIRT with jail inmates on public health and public safety outcomes, namely, drug use, alcohol use, criminal activity, arrest, reincarceration, HIV risk behaviors, and quality f life.(3) Determine the cost of providing an SBIRT intervention to jail inmates. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Using a screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) approach, this study is intended to impact the drug and alcohol use and the HIV risk behavior of an offender population by providing a graduated series of interventions for low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk offenders. If successful, the study would demonstrate that SBIRT can have a positive effect on the drug use behavior and related health and psychosocial behaviors, as well as on criminal activity and criminal justice involvement.