Documenting the War on Poverty's Community Programs

描述（由申请人提供）：林登总统B之后超过45年。尽管约翰逊宣布要“无条件地向贫困开战”，但很少有系统的计量经济学研究评估向贫困开战的社区项目对健康的好处。关于这一主题缺乏证据的主要原因是缺乏关于哪些社区获得了联邦对贫困战争计划的赠款、何时获得赠款、这些赠款的用途以及分配了多少资金的数据。本研究旨在通过以下四个具体目标来弥补这一缺陷：（1）收集和整理有关谁获得了扶贫赠款金，在哪里提供了补助金下的服务，何时获得补助金，补助金支付给什么项目以及补助金金额的信息;（2）审查在向贫困宣战的情况下向不同社区和方案提供联邦赠款的决定因素;（3）检查不同项目的扶贫赠款的巧合和互补性，（4）分发一个新的扶贫赠款数据集（在具体目标1中收集）供其他研究人员使用。 拟议的研究有助于卫生政策和社会科学知识在几个方面。首先，它将提供比以往任何时候都在电子数据库中收集的更详细的，按计划和赠款人的拨款本地量化。第二，新的按方案、受赠者、地点和日期分列的“向贫困开战”赠款电子数据集将为今后分析这些方案的效果奠定基础并鼓励进行分析。最后，了解不同目的，社区和金额的赠款的决定因素，不仅提供了深入了解反贫困战争管理的内部运作，但这也揭示了替代计量经济学估计的有效性，以评估这些计划的假设。详细的信息对贫困的战争“治疗”（目标1）以及这些治疗的决定因素（目标2和3）一起奠定了准实验，经济计量评估的平均，这些计划对人口健康的影响，由本研究员和其他人（目标4）。 公共卫生相关性：该项目主要通过两种方式促进公共卫生知识。首先，它将通过汇编、编码和传播关于联邦赠款的信息，帮助研究人员了解联邦赠款对社会方案的影响和有效性，以便在向贫困开战的情况下改善公共卫生。第二，该项目将有助于更好地估计美国公共卫生项目的短期和长期效益，这些估计将有助于政策制定者和慈善家对美国和国外的当前项目做出资金决策。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): More than forty-five years after President Lyndon B. Johnson declared an "unconditional war on poverty," little systematic, econometric research has evaluated the health benefits of the War on Poverty's community programs. The main reason for the dearth of evidence on this topic is the lack of data on which communities received federal grants for War on Poverty programs, when they received them, what these grants were for, and how much funding was allocated. The proposed research aims to remedy this deficiency by pursuing four specific aims: (1) Collecting and cleaning information on the who received War on Poverty grants, where services under the grant were delivered, when the grant was awarded, what program the grant paid for, and the amount of the grant; (2) Examining the determinants of federal grants to different communities and programs under the War on Poverty; (3) Examining the coincidence and complementarity of War on Poverty grants for different programs, and (4) Distributing a new dataset on War on Poverty grants (collected in specific aim 1) for use by other researchers. The proposed research contributes to health policy and social science knowledge in several ways. First, it will provide a more detailed, local quantification of appropriations by program and grantee than ever assembled in an electronic database. Second, the new electronic dataset of War on Poverty grants by program, grantee, location and date will lay the groundwork for and encourage future analysis of the effects of these programs. Finally, understanding the determinants of grants for different purposes, communities and amounts not only provides insight into the internal workings of the War on Poverty administration, but this also sheds light on the validity of assumptions for alternative econometric estimators with which to evaluate these programs. Detailed information on the War on Poverty "treatments" (Aim 1) as well as the determinants of these treatments (Aims 2 and 3) together lay the foundation for quasi-experimental, econometric evaluations of the average, local effects of these programs on population health by this researcher and others (Aim 4). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project contributes to public health knowledge in two main ways. First, it will aid researchers in understanding the impact and effectiveness of federal grants for social programs by compiling, encoding and disseminating information on the federal grants to improve public health under the War on Poverty. Second, this project will help create better estimates of the shorter- and longer-term benefits of War on Poverty public health programs in the U.S. These estimates should assist policy- makers and philanthropists in making funding decisions about current programs in the U.S. and abroad.