Basic Research Support for the CCR

基础研究计划为癌症研究中心(CCR)提供从癌症和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)到癌症、传染病和自身免疫性疾病的基本细胞过程等领域的科学和技术专业知识。基础研究计划支持的研究课题包括：-研究新型分子靶向癌症疗法与免疫疗法结合使用的方法(分子免疫疗法科，癌症和炎症计划)。-了解人类白细胞抗原(人类白细胞抗原)I类和II类基因赋予疾病抵抗力或易感性的遗传基础，以及自然杀伤(NK)细胞在先天免疫反应中的作用(人类白细胞抗原免疫遗传学部分，癌症和炎症计划)。-确定激活自然杀伤(NK)细胞和先天免疫反应的受体的特征(细胞毒性细胞研究小组，癌症和炎症计划)。-检查慢性炎症与上皮癌变的关系(体内白介素科，癌症和炎症方案)。-确定CD4+细胞的受体复合体，这是人类T细胞白血病病毒I型的主要目标(HTLV部分，癌症和炎症计划)。-确定和确定调节造血干细胞的谱系承诺和终末分化的分子事件(癌症预防实验室造血和干细胞生物科)。-确定来自前列腺癌、乳腺癌、胶质瘤和肾癌的癌症干细胞的细胞表面标志、转移能力以及生长和自我更新的途径(癌症预防实验室癌症干细胞组)。-研究表观遗传调控在细胞分化、胚胎发育和肿瘤形成中的作用(癌症预防实验室表观遗传学部分)。-了解糖基转移酶的结构和功能，开发新的糖基转移酶，用于靶向药物输送和医学成像造影剂(结构糖生物学部分，CCR纳米生物学计划)。-开发高效、最先进的算法，以发现蛋白质的结构模式并预测分子关联(即蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用)，以支持癌症诊断、治疗和预防的纳米设计(计算结构生物学小组，CCR纳米生物学计划)。-支持生物分析开发和筛选、天然产物化学、蛋白质化学、分子生物学和高含量细胞成像，以促进多学科、分子靶标发现研究(分子靶标实验室)。-为研究生物调节剂一氧化氮(NO)与有机化合物的反应提供基础和应用化学支持(比较致癌实验室化学科)。-微阵列分析，旨在确定K-ras蛋白在控制细胞生长和分化中的作用(比较癌变实验室细胞病理科)。-确定后肾胚芽细胞规格/模式中涉及的诱导信号通路的特征，以帮助确定潜在的致癌目标(分化和新生瘤组，比较癌发生实验室)。-研究增殖、凋亡和应激相关信号在癌症发生和癌症易感性中的代谢调节(癌症易感性组，比较癌症发生实验室)。-为遗传流行病学研究开发新的分子方法(基因组多样性实验室遗传流行病学科)。-设计和开发具有重要医学意义的病毒蛋白的遗传、生化和结构研究(逆转录和分子生物学小组)。-支持侧重于逆转录病毒疫苗开发、对病毒抗原的免疫反应以及结构RNA和蛋白质在核糖体功能中的作用的研究(逆转录和分子生物学小组)。-肾癌易感基因的发现和表征(泌尿系统肿瘤学研究组，泌尿系统肿瘤科)。

The Basic Research Program provides scientific and technical expertise to the Center for Cancer Research (CCR) in areas ranging from cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), to the basic cellular processes underlying cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Research topics supported by the Basic Research Program include: -Investigating ways in which novel, molecularly targeted cancer therapies can be used in combination with immunotherapy (Molecular Immunotherapy Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Understanding the genetic basis for resistance or susceptibility to disease conferred by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II genes and the role of natural killer (NK) cells in the innate immune response (HLA Immunogenetics Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Characterizing the receptors that activate natural killer (NK) cells and the innate immune response (Cytotoxic Cell Studies Group, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Examining the association of chronic inflammation with epithelial carcinogenesis (Interleukin In Vivo Studies Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Defining the receptor complex of CD4+ cells, a primary target of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Identifying and defining the molecular events that regulate lineage commitment and terminal differentiation of hemotopoietic stem cells (Hematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention). -Defining the cell surface markers, metastasis ability, and pathways for growth and self-renewal, of cancer stem cells from prostate, breast, glioma, and renal cell carcinomas (Cancer Stem Cell Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention). -Studying the role that epigenetic regulation plays in cellular differentiation, embryonic development, and tumorigenesis (Epigenetics Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention). -Understanding the structure and function of glycosyltransferases and developing novel glycosyltransferases for targeted drug delivery and contrast agents for medical imaging (Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR Nanobiology Program). -Developing highly efficient, state-of-the-art algorithms to discover the structural patterns of proteins and predict molecular associations (i.e., protein-protein interactions) in support of nanodesign for cancer diagnosis, therapy, and prevention (Computational Structural Biology Group, CCR Nanobiology Program). -Support in bioassay development and screening, natural products chemistry, protein chemistry, molecular biology, and high-content cellular imaging to facilitate multidisciplinary, molecular targets discovery research (Molecular Targets Laboratory). -Basic and applied chemistry support for studies characterizing the reactions of the bioregulatory agent nitric oxide (NO) with organic compounds (Chemistry Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis). -Microarray analysis aimed at determining the role of K-ras protein in controlling cell growth and differentiation (Cellular Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis). -Characterizing the inductive signaling pathways involved in metanephric blastemal cell specification/patterning to help define potential targets of carcinogenesis (Differentiation and Neoplasia Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis). -Studying the metabolic modulation of proliferative, apoptotic, and stress-related signaling in carcinogenesis and cancer susceptibility (Cancer Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis). -Developing new molecular approaches for genetic epidemiology studies (Genetic Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Genomic Diversity). -Design and development of genetic, biochemical, and structural studies of medically important viral proteins (Reverse Transcription and Molecular Biology Group). -Support for studies focusing on retroviral vaccine development, immune response to viral antigens, and the role of structural RNAs and proteins in the function of ribosomes (Reverse Transcription and Molecular Biology Group). -Discovery and characterization of renal carcinoma susceptibility genes (Urologic Oncology Research Group, Urologic Oncology Branch).