Evaluating How Tobacco Control Policies are Shaping the Nicotine Delivery Market

描述(由申请人提供)：许多国家对新一代蒸发尼古丁产品(VNP)的需求迅速增长，表明这些产品正在对卷烟消费产生影响。VNPs产生的具体影响以及公共卫生政策如何塑造VNPs和烟草使用行为是需要回答的关键问题。该计划项目的目标是扩大国际烟草控制政策评估项目(ITC项目)的工作范围，以确定当前和未来监管VNPs的政策的有效性。这个项目的时机恰到好处，因为监管志愿人员的政策正在演变，需要数据来帮助指导政策的制定。这项拟议的研究的前提是相信，为了彻底评估管理VNPs的政策，在受控实验条件下，在群体水平和个人水平上都是必要的。所述的多方法方法将在三个国家--美国(US)、英国(EN)和加拿大(CA)--进行，因为每个国家的吸烟率和香烟产品监管历史相似，但监管VNP的政策不同。拟议的五项相互关联的研究和两项核心服务涉及三个总体目标：1)更透彻地了解政策环境如何影响吸烟烟草的吸食和从吸烟烟草向易制毒烟草的转变。研究小组将对具有广泛代表性的成人和青少年样本进行自然主义研究(项目1和3)和对蒸发尼古丁市场的监测(项目2)，以便研究国家和国家内部的政策影响，并将这些数据与实验研究的数据结合起来，测试理论上的政策选择可能如何影响不吸烟青年和成年吸烟者对VNPs的需求(项目3)；2)促进制定监测对VNPs和未来替代尼古丁产品的反应的方法。该小组将调查数据收集(项目1和2)、研究样本(项目1、3和4)和实验方案(项目3和4)的方法差异，以确定哪些方法是最具成本效益的，并为实际应用提供最高质量的数据，以预测对政策变化的反应；以及3)开发方法，帮助政策制定者预测不同产品监管计划对人口健康的影响。在项目5中，该小组将整合来自观察性研究(项目1、2和3)和实验研究(项目3和4)的数据，以及其他数据，以模拟不同政策对人口健康结果的影响。总的来说，拟议的研究全面考察了不同的VNP政策环境如何影响真实世界中的VNP和吸烟烟草使用行为，以及在实验环境中理论政策选项的测量影响。这一整体政策研究计划的最终产品将是一个独特的、多个国家的证据基础，具有强大的潜力，为美国、欧洲和加州以及可能还有其他国家的政策和法规提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The rapidly growing demand for a new generation of vaporized nicotine products (VNPs) seen in many countries suggests these products are having an impact on cigarette consumption. The specific impact that VNPs are having and how VNPs and tobacco use behaviors are being shaped by public health policies are key questions that need to be answered. The goal of this Program Project is to extend the work of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC Project) to characterize the effectiveness of current and potential future policies to regulate VNPs. The timing of this project is opportune since policies regulating VNPs are evolving, and data are needed to help guide policy development. The proposed research is premised on the belief that to thoroughly assess policies regulating VNPs it is essential to do so at both the population level and at the individua-level under controlled experimental conditions. The multi-method approach described will be carried out in three countries - United States (US), England (EN), and Canada (CA)- selected because each have similar smoking rates and histories of cigarette product regulations, but divergent policies regulating VNPs. The proposed set of five inter-related studies and two core services addresses three overall aims: 1) To provide a more thorough understanding of how the policy environment influences uptake of and transitions from smoked tobacco to VNPs. The research team will implement naturalistic studies of broadly representative adult and adolescent samples (Projects 1 & 3) and surveillance of the vaporized nicotine market (Project 2) to allow between country and within-country policy effects to be studied and combining these data with data from experimental studies testing how theoretical policy options might affect the demand for VNPs in nonsmoking youth (Project 3) and adult smokers (Project 4); 2) To contribute to the development of methods for monitoring response to VNPs and future alternative nicotine products. The team will investigate differences in methods in data collection (Projects 1 & 2), study samples (Projects 1, 3 & 4), and experimental protocols (Projects 3 & 4) to see which approaches are most cost-efficient and yield the highest quality data for real-world applications in predicting responses to policy changes; and 3) To develop methods to assist policymakers in forecasting the population health impact of different product regulatory schemes. In Project 5 the group will integrate the data from observational (Projects 1, 2 & 3) and experimental studies (Projects 3 & 4), plus additional data, to model the impact of different policies on population health outcomes. Collectively, the proposed studies comprehensively examine how different VNP policy environments are influencing VNP and smoked tobacco use behaviors in the real world and the measured impact of theoretical policy options in the experimental setting. The end product of this holistic program of policy research will be a unique, multi-country evidence base with strong potential to inform policies and regulations in the US, EN, and CA and perhaps other countries as well.