Malaria Transmission and the Impact of Control Efforts in Southern and Central Africa

摘要 南部非洲疟疾研究国际卓越中心（ICEMR）一直高度重视 成功，在本申请时，有19篇同行评审的主要研究结果出版物， 另外七个ICEMR相关评论的作者，以及已被翻译成 施政纲要而通过对三个不同地区疟疾流行病学和媒介生物学的综合研究， 在赞比亚和津巴布韦的传播环境中，我们对疟疾的驱动因素有了详细的了解， 在每个站点的传输，确定了控制和消除的关键障碍，并作出了知情的政策决定， 改进控制策略。在这次续约申请中，我们将建立在基础设施、专业知识和 南部非洲理事会在过去六年中为进一步推动疟疾发展而建立的关系 从季节性很强的疟疾流行地区， 在津巴布韦东部与莫桑比克接壤的边境，通过 赞比亚南部，到赞比亚北方和民主共和国东南部的高传播环境 刚果（DRC）。这一地区是密集控制和消灭疟疾努力的重点， 总统疟疾倡议、美国国际开发署、比尔和梅林达·盖茨 基金会和全球抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金以及许多较小的区域组织， 如《消除八号》。南部非洲没有其他研究小组研究过控制的障碍 并在这样的深度、持续时间和这样的传输设置范围内消除。继续和 以南部非洲ICEMR的研究活动为基础，对于这些项目的成功至关重要 在南部非洲进行投资以及控制和消灭疟疾。我们的主题是解决关键问题 关于南部和中部非洲控制和消除疟疾的障碍的研究问题， 尽管目前公众对疟疾在高、中、低传播环境中持续存在的解释 卫生干预措施。

Abstract The Southern Africa International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) has been highly successful, with 19 peer-reviewed publications of primary research findings at the time of this application, co- authorship on seven additional ICEMR-related reviews, and research findings that have been translated into policies. Through integrated studies of malaria epidemiology and vector bionomics in three different transmission settings in Zambia and Zimbabwe, we developed detailed understanding of the drivers of malaria transmission at each site, identified key barriers to control and elimination, and informed policy decisions to improve control strategies. In this renewal application, we will build upon the infrastructure, expertise and relationships developed by the Southern Africa ICEMR over the past six years to further advance malaria control and elimination in a critical geographic expanse, extending from a setting of highly seasonal malaria transmission in eastern Zimbabwe on the border with Mozambique, through the pre-elimination setting in southern Zambia, to the high transmission settings in northern Zambia and southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This region is the focus of intense malaria control and elimination efforts, including those of the President's Malaria Initiative, United States Agency for International Development, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria as well as numerous smaller regional initiatives such as Elimination 8. No other research group in southern Africa has studied the barriers to control and elimination in such depth, duration and across such a range of transmission settings. Continuing and building upon the research activities of the Southern Africa ICEMR will be critical to the success of these investments and the control and elimination of malaria in southern Africa. Our theme is to address critical research questions on barriers to malaria control and elimination in Southern and Central Africa, specifically explanations for continued malaria in high, moderate and low transmission settings despite current public health interventions.