Mindfulness Influences on Self-Regulation: Mental and Physical Health Implications

 描述(由申请人提供)：这笔赠款的首要目标是使用NIH阶段模型的第0和1阶段来确定各种自我调节措施评估涉及行为改变的不同或重叠机制的程度，以及这些措施是否在人群、背景、实验室和年龄组中表现相似。该项目的产品将是对特定自我调节目标的有效和有文件记录的分析的系统集合，以及涉及这些目标的基于正念的干预(MBI)特征。这些分析和工具将与该领域共享，以便纳入临床研究和MBI开发。具体地说，一个由来自4所大学(哈佛大学、布朗大学、马萨诸塞州大学、乔治敦大学)的12名基础科学和临床正念研究人员组成的跨学科团队将(1)创建一组工作组，代表自我调节的3个领域(注意力、情绪调节、自我相关处理)，目的1：利用MacLeod和Clarke 2015‘S的定性荟萃分析方法，对现有(已出版)文献(目标1a)和来自MRC成员或其网络的数据集(目标1b)中的SR目标绩效进行全面的汇编和系统的评估，以确定可能的自我调节干预目标。目标2：确定影响(促进或抑制)自我调节目标接触的条件，通过比较不同化验、样本/条件和干预措施(即，测定间有效性和实验室间可靠性)(目标2a)的靶标表现，并利用提供靶标、样本、健康行为和干预措施变化的4组现有或正在进行的试验，评估哪些条件最大程度地吸引自我调节目标(目标2b)，从而对健康行为和医疗方案的依从性产生影响。目的3：通过将前两个阶段获得的最有希望的自我调节目标和干预修改插入到两个正在进行的MBI试验中，以在两个不同的环境中使用两种不同的治疗方案来管理慢性疾病，对这些目标和干预改进进行试点测试。基于正念的高血压治疗(MBHT)研究将在受控研究环境中评估自我调节目标投入，而正念-初级保健(PC)研究将在初级保健环境中与临床服务提供者评估相同的目标。目标4：测试 在更大规模的MBHT和Mindful-PC研究的延续中，目标投入与医疗方案依从性和健康行为的关系。目标5：通过合作出版物传播获得的关于高(和低)绩效目标的知识，并向MBI服务提供者提供培训，弥合科学与服务之间的差距。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this grant is to use stages 0 and 1 of the NIH stage model to determine the extent to which various measures of self-regulation are assessing distinct or overlapping mechanisms involved in behavior change, and whether the measures perform similarly across populations, contexts, laboratories and age groups. The products of this project will be a systematic collection of validated and documented assays of specific self-regulation targets, and Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) characteristics that engage those targets. These assays and tools will be shared with the field for incorporation in clinical studies and MBI development. Specifically, an interdisciplinary team of 12 basic science and clinical mindfulness researchers from 4 universities (Harvard, Brown, UMass, Georgetown) will (1) create a set of working groups that represent 3 domains of self-regulation (attention, emotion regulation, self-related processing), and (2) employ 4 sets of concurrent studies in order to complete the following aims: Aim 1: Identify putative self-regulation intervention targets by performing a comprehensive compilation and systematic evaluation of SR target performance in the existing (published) literature (Aim 1a) and from datasets belonging to MRC members or their networks (Aim 1b) using MacLeod and Clarke 2015's method of qualitative meta-analysis. Aim 2: Identify the conditions that affect (promote or inhibit) self-regulation target engagement, by comparing target performance across variations in assays, samples/conditions, and interventions (i.e. inter- assay validity and inter-laboratory reliability) (Aim 2a) and leveraging 4 sets of existing or ongoing trials that offer variations of targets, samples, health behaviors, and interventions to assess which conditions maximally engage self-regulation targets (Aim 2b) with resulting impacts on health behaviors and medical regimen adherence. Aim 3: Pilot-test the most promising self-regulation targets and intervention modifications gained from the first 2 phases by inserting them into two ongoing MBI trials for managing chronic medical conditions with 2 different treatment variations in 2 different settings. The Mindfulness-Based Hypertension Therapy (MBHT) study will assess self-regulation target engagement in a controlled research setting while the MINDFUL-Primary Care (PC) study will assess the same targets in a primary care setting with clinical service providers. Aim 4: Test the relationship between target engagement and medical regimen adherence and health behaviors in larger continuations of the MBHT and Mindful-PC studies. Aim 5: Bridge the science-to-service gap by disseminating the knowledge gained about high- (and low-) performing targets through collaborative publications, and by providing training to MBI service providers.