Dismantling Mindfulness: Contributions of Attention vs. Acceptance

拆除正念：注意力的贡献与接受的贡献

• 批准号: 8847284
• 负责人: Willoughby Britton
• 金额: $ 13.37万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8847284
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Anxiety; Attention; Awareness; Behavioral; Biometry; Biostatistical Methods; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Clinical effectiveness; Cognitive; Complementary and alternative medicine; Data; Education; Emotional; Emotional Disturbance; Emotional Stress; Emotions; Ethics; Failure; Future; Goals; Health; Hour; Individual; Instruction; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Meditation; Mental Depression; Mentors; Methodology; Mind-Body Intervention; Monitor; Mood Disorders; Outcome; Patients; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psyche structure; Psychophysiology; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Role; Science; Secondary to; Sleep; Stress; System; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Training; Training Programs; Wakefulness; affective disturbance; arm; base; clinical efficacy; clinically significant; emotion regulation; experience; improved; indexing; meetings; mindfulness; mindfulness based cognitive therapy; mindfulness meditation; mindfulness-based stress reduction; neurobehavioral; neurophysiology; neuropsychological; patient oriented; programs; relating to nervous system; success; tool; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Meditation, particularly mindfulness meditation, is one of the most popular Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies for alleviating emotional stress, depression and anxiety that are either primary, or secondary to another health condition. While standardized meditation-based treatment packages like Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) have reliably shown sustained improvements in emotional disturbances and wellbeing, they contain so many different components and practices that the active ingredient cannot be ascertained. Mindfulness is comprised of 1) an attention regulation component, which is thought to be cultivated with focused awareness practice, and 2) an accepting, non-judgmental mental stance, which is thought to be cultivated through open-monitoring practice. This project aims to create separate practice criteria for attention and acceptance-focused meditations, compare their clinical efficacy and investigate their separate mechanisms of action in individuals with clinically significant levels of persistent negative affect and depression. The clinical benefit and mechanism of action of focused awareness (FA) vs open-monitoring (OM) vs a no-treatment (waitlist) control will be examined with a three- armed randomized control trial of these eight week interventions. Outcome variables include negative affect (depression, anxiety, stress) and wellbeing. Hypothesized mediating processes include objectively measured attention, emotion regulation and the basic wakefulness on which they depend. In addition to the research application, the training program includes formal education in 1) meditation-based clinical trials methodology and affective disorders, 2) psychophysiological measurement of attention, emotion, sleep propensity and 3) biostatistical methods related to treatment studies. This training prepares me to meet my long-term objective of becoming an independent patient- oriented researcher. Through formal didactic instruction and strong mentoring from experienced investigators who are leaders in the field, I will develop the requisite tools to shed light on which meditation practices are the most helpful for emotional disturbances and by what cognitive and neurophysiological mechanisms.

描述（由申请人提供）：冥想，特别是正念冥想，是最流行的补充和替代医学（CAM）疗法之一，用于缓解原发或继发于其他健康状况的情绪压力、抑郁和焦虑。虽然标准化的基于冥想的治疗方案，如基于正念的减压（MBSR）和基于正念的认知疗法（MBCT）已经可靠地显示出情绪困扰和幸福感的持续改善，但它们包含许多不同的成分和实践，以至于无法确定其活性成分。正念由 1) 注意力调节成分组成，这被认为是通过集中意识练习来培养的，2) 一种接受的、非评判性的心理立场，这被认为是通过开放监控练习来培养的。该项目旨在为以注意力和接受为中心的冥想制定单独的实践标准，比较其临床疗效并研究其在具有临床显着水平的持续负面情绪和抑郁的个体中的单独作用机制。将通过针对这八周干预措施的三组随机对照试验来检验集中意识（FA）与开放监测（OM）与不治疗（候补名单）对照的临床益处和作用机制。结果变量包括负面情绪（抑郁、焦虑、压力）和幸福感。假设的中介过程包括客观测量的注意力、情绪调节以及它们所依赖的基本觉醒。 除了研究应用之外，培训计划还包括以下方面的正式教育：1) 基于冥想的临床试验方法和情感障碍，2) 注意力、情绪、睡眠倾向的心理生理学测量，以及 3) 与治疗研究相关的生物统计方法。这次培训使我为实现成为一名以患者为中心的独立研究人员的长期目标做好了准备。通过正式的教学指导和该领域的领导者经验丰富的研究人员的大力指导，我将开发必要的工具来阐明哪些冥想练习对情绪障碍最有帮助，以及通过哪些认知和神经生理学机制。

项目成果

Reiterated Concerns and Further Challenges for Mindfulness and Meditation Research: A Reply to Davidson and Dahl.

• DOI: 10.1177/1745691617727529
• 发表时间: 2018-01
• 期刊: Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science
• 作者: Van Dam NT;van Vugt MK;Vago DR;Schmalzl L;Saron CD;Olendzki A;Meissner T;Lazar SW;Gorchov J;Fox KCR;Field BA;Britton WB;Brefczynski-Lewis JA;Meyer DE
• 通讯作者: Meyer DE

The effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on affective memory recall dynamics in depression: a mechanistic model of rumination.

• DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00257
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Frontiers in human neuroscience
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: van Vugt MK;Hitchcock P;Shahar B;Britton W
• 通讯作者: Britton W

Comparing impacts of meditation training in focused attention, open monitoring, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on emotion reactivity and regulation: Neural and subjective evidence from a dismantling study.

• DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14024
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Brown, Kirk Warren;Berry, Daniel;Eichel, Kristina;Beloborodova, Polina;Rahrig, Hadley;Britton, Willoughby B.
• 通讯作者: Britton, Willoughby B.

Women Benefit More Than Men in Response to College-based Meditation Training.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00551
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Frontiers in psychology
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Rojiani R;Santoyo JF;Rahrig H;Roth HD;Britton WB
• 通讯作者: Britton WB