Sleep disturbance and inflammation as determinants of social cognition and behavior: An intensive longitudinal study of adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders

摘要 精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）患者在社会认知方面存在显著缺陷。 社会认知独立地有助于现实世界的结果，包括社会能力和社会能力。 功能因此，社会认知是SSD的重要治疗目标。然而，目前的研究并没有 充分关注社会认知的决定因素，干预努力并不能可靠地改善功能性 或产生持久的收益。这项研究通过检查睡眠障碍来解决这个问题， 炎症是SSD患者社会认知的新决定因素。高达80%的SSD用户 经历睡眠障碍，这与增加精神病，自杀企图的风险有关， 功能能力和生活质量下降。睡眠障碍也与炎症加剧有关， 患有SSD和其他严重精神疾病的人，如双相情感障碍（BD），包括C反应性增加 蛋白（CRP）和白细胞介素（IL）-6。炎症在患有SSD和BD的人中升高，并且实验性 对健康人群的研究表明，炎症的增加会导致社会行为和社会认知的减少。 虽然一小部分文献将睡眠障碍和炎症与SSD的神经认知领域联系起来， 睡眠障碍、炎症和社会认知之间的关系尚未探索。本研究将 使用密集的纵向方法来1）测试睡眠障碍，炎症， SSD、BD和健康对照（HC）参与者的社会认知和行为; 2）比较SSD， BD和HC参与者的社会认知，炎症，以及生态评估的睡眠和社会 参数;和3）开发生态评估社会认知的方法，并使用这些方法来探索 社会认知的稳定性是一个日常的过程。每组将招募25名受试者（N=75） 并要求佩戴活动记录仪并在14天内完成每日调查（每天7次），随后进行 综合社会认知评估将在强化治疗前后采集干血斑 纵向数据收集以提供炎症数据。结果将告知社会认知干预目标 用于SSD和BD（与NIMH 2020战略计划一致），并支持更大、更明确的R 01 应用程序.此外，与研究增强奖励计划（REAP）的目标相一致， 这项研究将为研究生和本科生提供充足的培训机会， 接触患有严重精神疾病的群体，并接受社会认知研究方法的强化培训， 生物行为过程的纵向评估，以及炎症数据的收集和分析。这 该项目将大大改善南密西西比大学的研究环境，并建立 基础设施，以支持未来的项目，从而对研究环境产生持久的积极影响， USM临床心理学博士课程的学生机会。

ABSTRACT People with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs) experience significant deficits in social cognition. Social cognition independently contributes to real-world outcomes, including social competence and social functioning. As such, social cognition is an important treatment target in SSDs. Yet, current research has not adequately focused on determinants of social cognition, and intervention efforts do not reliably improve functional outcomes or produce durable gains. This study addresses that gap by examining sleep disturbance and inflammation as novel determinants of social cognition in people with SSDs. Up to 80% of people with SSDs experience sleep disturbance, which is linked to increased symptomatology, risk for suicide attempts, and reduced functional capacities and quality of life. Sleep disturbance is also linked to heightened inflammation in those with SSDs and other severe mental illnesses, like bipolar disorders (BDs), including increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6. Inflammation is elevated in people with SSDs and BDs, and experimental studies in healthy groups show that increased inflammation causes reduced social behavior and social cognition. While a small body of literature links sleep disturbance and inflammation to neurocognitive domains in SSDs, the relationships between sleep disturbance, inflammation, and social cognition are unexplored. This study will use an intensive longitudinal approach to 1) test the relationships between sleep disturbance, inflammation, and social cognition and behavior in those with SSDs, BDs, and healthy control (HC) participants; 2) compare SSD, BD, and HC participants on social cognition, inflammation, and ecologically assessed sleep and social parameters; and 3) develop methods to ecologically assess social cognition and use those methods to explore stability of social cognition as a day-to-day process. Twenty-five participants will be recruited per group (N=75) and asked to wear actigraphs and complete daily surveys (7 per day) over a period of 14 days, followed by a comprehensive social cognitive assessment. Dried blood spots will be collected pre- and post-intensive longitudinal data collection to provide inflammation data. Results will inform social cognitive intervention targets for SSDs and BDs (consistent with the NIMH 2020 Strategic Plan) and support a larger, definitive R01 application. Additionally, consistent with the aims of the Research Enhancement Award Program (REAP), this study will provide ample training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students, tailored to provide exposure to groups with severe mental illnesses and training in social cognitive research methodology, intensive longitudinal assessment of biobehavioral processes, and collection and analysis of inflammation data. This project will significantly improve the research environment at the University of Southern Mississippi and establish infrastructure to support future projects, leading to a lasting positive impact on the research environment and student opportunities in the USM Clinical Psychology PhD Program.