Creating Innovative Vaccine Messaging by Engaging in Patient-Centered Design with Non-Vaccinating Older Adults

项目摘要/摘要 候选人：Aaron Scherer博士是一位社会心理学家，他利用心理学的见解 创建创新的预防性医疗干预措施，主要针对影响≥50岁成年人的健康风险。 Scherer博士的长期职业目标是成为一名领导多学科的独立研究员 研究团队参与设计和评估以患者为中心的创新干预措施，以优化 为中老年人提供和利用预防性卫生服务。 研究背景：与年龄相关的免疫功能变化和慢性病 次优流感疫苗接种率(50%)导致50,000人中≥50岁的成年人占95% 每年都会发生与流感相关的死亡。不幸的是，疫苗信息传递策略 目前用来增加疫苗接种率的组织一直是无效的，在某些情况下 恶化了人们对疫苗的态度。满足心理需求的动机，如管理威胁、减少 不确定性和实现社会目标可能会使人们处理疫苗相关信息和疫苗的方式产生偏差 结果。“动机契合”，与破坏成人疫苗接种的动机相一致，可能是一种更 疫苗干预对靶向行为改变的有效机制优于目前的方法。 具体目标：1)确定哪些动机与成人的疫苗结果有最强的关联 Ageed≥50；2)与不愿接种疫苗的50岁≥成年人合作，创建流感疫苗信息， 具有激励契合性；3)进行一项试点研究，以评估疫苗信息传递功效研究的可行性。 研究计划：为了实现这些目标，谢勒博士将使用全国性的、人口统计多样化的在线 对≥50岁的成年人进行抽样，以确定与疫苗接种最密切相关的四个动机(即， 最大效应大小)，并测试衡量这些动机的量表是否需要作为疫苗-≥-50 具体的。然后，他将与年龄在≥50岁、对疫苗犹豫不决的成年人合作开发和测试流感疫苗 针对这四种动机的信息。最后，他将对临床人群进行一项初步研究，以 评估对激励性FIT疫苗信息进行计划效果研究的可行性。 职业发展计划：谢勒博士将在衰老过程中发展基础内容知识 从事衰老研究，2)心理测量学；3)以患者为中心的设计；4)健康 与≥50岁的成年人一起进行服务研究。Scherer博士的培训目标将得到密切指导的支持 来自跨学科团队；高级教学课程；以及其他职业发展机会。 环境：爱荷华大学为谢勒博士继续他的培训提供了理想的环境； 来自知名专家的指导，来自咨询委员会和一个部门的额外指导 致力于长期成功地成为健康老龄化研究的独立调查者。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Candidate: Aaron Scherer, PhD is a social psychologist who utilizes insights from the psychological sciences to create innovative preventive healthcare interventions, primarily for health risks that affect adults aged ≥50. Dr. Scherer’s long-term career objective is to become an independent investigator leading multidisciplinary research teams in the design and evaluation of innovative, patient-centered interventions to optimize the delivery and utilization of preventive health services for middle-aged and older adults. Research Context: Age-associated changes in immune function and chronic conditions coupled with suboptimal influenza vaccination rates (50%) result in adults aged ≥50 accounting for 95% of the 50,000 influenza-associated deaths that occur every year. Unfortunately, vaccine messaging strategies that health organizations currently utilize to increase vaccine uptake have been ineffective and, in some cases have worsened vaccine attitudes. Motivations to satisfy psychological needs such as managing threats, reducing uncertainty, and achieve social goals may bias how people process vaccine-related information and vaccine outcomes. “Motivational fit”, an alignment with a motive that undermines adult vaccine uptake, may be a more effective mechanism of behavior change to target with vaccine interventions than current approaches. Specific Aims: 1) Identify which motives have the strongest associations with vaccine outcomes for adults aged ≥50; 2) Collaborate with vaccine-hesitant adults aged ≥50 to create influenza vaccine messages that have motivational fit; 3) Conduct a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of a vaccine messaging efficacy study. Research Plan: To accomplish these aims, Dr. Scherer will use a national, demographically-diverse online sample of adults aged ≥50 to identify four motives that are most strongly associated with vaccine uptake (i.e., largest effect sizes) for adults aged ≥50 and test whether scales measuring these motives need to be vaccine- specific. He will then collaborate with vaccine-hesitant adults aged ≥50 to develop and test influenza vaccine messages targeting each of the four motives. Finally, he will conduct a pilot study with a clinical population to evaluate the feasibility of conducting planned efficacy studies of the motivational fit vaccine messages. Career Development Plan: Dr. Scherer will develop 1) foundational content knowledge in the aging process to engage in aging research, and expertise in 2) psychometrics; 3) patient-centered design; and 4) health services research with adults aged ≥50. Dr. Scherer’s training goals will be supported by close mentorship from an interdisciplinary team; advanced didactic coursework; and other career development opportunities. Environment: The University of Iowa offers an ideal environment for Dr. Scherer to pursue his training; with mentorship from well-established experts, additional guidance from an advisory committee, and a department dedicated to his long-term success in becoming an independent investigator in healthy aging research.