Multiplexed Sensors for Biomonitoring of Wood Smoke Exposure among Wildland Firefighters

项目总结/摘要 该研究项目直接涉及公共安全部门诺拉的目标之一，该目标要求： 研究“确定消防服务和荒地消防员经历的暴露”和“开发改进的 和具有成本效益的技术，用于检测消防过程中可能存在的污染物， 为了减轻消防员的心血管疾病、癌症和其他慢性疾病的负担， 包括野外消防员该项目还处理减少与工作有关的疾病的优先事项， 描述和描述危险化学品的接触情况，包括森林野火造成的接触情况， 农业（目标AG-02）和林业（目标FO-02）部门，该项目处理跨部门问题， 部门优先事项为“开发新的实地设备/战略， 呼吸系统健康研究”和“发展和评价工业卫生取样和分析方法 （包括生物监测和其他方法），以确定致癌物接触”（目标2; CRC 跨部门）。 本研究的目的是开发一种低成本、高灵敏度的复合生物传感器系统， 智能手机读数，可以快速准确地分析一组来自木材烟雾的生物标志物， 在荒地消防员中的预期低浓度。对这种方法特别重要的是 能够将简单的样品分离策略与并行传感器平台和智能手机读数相结合， 同时定量多个靶标，并使用单原子纳米酶（SAN）提高灵敏度 放大这对于鉴定生物基质中低浓度的多种分析物是重要的，例如 这些将在本项目中开发。进一步与智能手机阅读器集成，所提出的生物传感器将 提供定量结果，并允许实时数据收集和共享。在这个项目中，我们将收集血液 现场消防员的尿液样本，以调查与木材烟雾相关的生物标志物，并评估 提出的生物传感器系统。这项研究的短期成果将包括出版和介绍 研究成果;而中期成果将侧重于传感器平台的开发/验证 使用从现场消防员处收集的样本，最终结果（超出当前项目的范围） 使用传感器系统来测量并随后减少消防员暴露在木材烟雾中。的 开发、验证和随后部署多路传感器平台，作为定量工具， 测量混合消防员的职业暴露完全符合NIOSH研究的目标， 实践（r2 p）倡议。这种方法将提供更好的分析性能（例如，灵敏度、动态的 范围、检测限、可靠性、准确性和速度）以及操作性能（用户友好型设计） 比目前的实验室方法更有效。

Project Summary/Abstract This research project directly addresses objective one of the NORA for the Public Safety Sector which calls for research to “Identify exposures experienced by fire service and wildland firefighters” and to “develop improved and cost-efficient technologies for the detection of contaminants that may be present during firefighting” in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other chronic diseases amongst firefighters, including wildland firefighters. The project also addresses priorities to reduce work-related illness by better describing and characterizing exposures to hazardous chemicals, including those from wildfires in the Agriculture (Objective AG-02) and Forestry (Objective FO-02) Sectors, and the project addresses Cross- Sector priorities to “Develop new field equipment/strategies for the assessment of occupational exposures for the study of respiratory health” and to “develop and evaluate industrial hygiene sampling and analytical methods (including biomonitoring and other methods) for the determination of carcinogen exposures” (Objective 2; CRC Cross-Sector). The objective of this project is to develop a low cost and highly sensitive multiplex biosensor system integrated with a smartphone readout that can rapidly and accurately analyze a panel of woodsmoke-derived biomarkers amongst wildland firefighters at anticipated low concentrations. Of particular importance to this approach is the ability to couple a simple sample separation strategy with a parallel sensor platform and smartphone readout for simultaneous quantification of multiple targets, and to increase sensitivity using single-atom nanozymes (SANs) amplification. This is significant to identify multiple analytes at low concentrations in biological matrices, such as those will be developed in this project. Further integration with a smartphone reader, the proposed biosensor will provide quantitative results, and allow real-time data collection and sharing. In this project, we will collect blood and urine samples from field firefighters to investigate the woodsmoke-associated biomarkers and evaluate the proposed biosensor system. Short-term outcomes of this research will include publication and presentation of research results; whereas, intermediate outcomes will focus on the development/validation of a sensor platform using samples collected from field firefighters with an eventual end outcome (beyond scope of current project) of using the sensor system for measuring and subsequently reducing firefighters’ exposure to wood smoke. The development, validation and subsequent deployment of a multiplex sensor platform as a quantitative tool to measure mixed firefighters’ occupational exposures is fully consistent with the goals of the NIOSH Research to Practice (r2P) initiative. This approach will provide better analytical performance (e.g., sensitivity, dynamic range, detection limit, reliability, accuracy, and speed) as well as operational performance (user-friendly design) than the current laboratory-based method.