Mechanisms by Which Gender Norms Influence Drinking Behavior Among Minoritized Populations

项目摘要/摘要 长期目标：拟议的项目有两个主要目标：提高对风险的理解 为提高AUD和其他与酒精相关的发病率定位小型化人群的流程 结果；并检查拉丁裔特有的性别规范是否会影响不成比例的体验 特别是在拉丁裔个人和拉丁裔男性中与酒精有关的问题。 具体目标：该项目的目标是：在拉丁裔样本中测试酒精风险机制的性别差异； 审查拉美裔特定性别规范在酒精风险机制中的作用；并使用综合数据分析 (Ida)比较性别规范在黑人、拉丁裔和非拉丁裔白人样本中的作用。 研究设计和方法：计划中的项目将包括为期两周的生态瞬间 与拉丁裔和非拉丁裔黑人参与者的评估(EMA)协议。坚持美国主流和 拉丁裔特定的性别规范将在基线上进行评估；日常和瞬间情绪、饮酒动机和 酒精结果将通过智能手机应用程序上完成的提示进行测量。多层次模型将进行测试 性别是否缓和了瞬间情绪和/或动机对酒精结果的影响 遵守性别规范是否缓和了瞬间情绪和/或动机的影响。国际开发协会将 将这些样本中的数据与现有的非Latinx白色、Latinx和黑色样本汇集在一起，以便进行测试 A)性别规范遵守措施的文化结构效度；b)性别规范遵守程度的预测能力差异 黑人、拉丁裔和白人样本之间和内部的性别规范。 意义：拟议的项目将促进对情绪、饮酒之间的联系的理解 动机，黑人和拉丁裔人群中的酒精结果，以及个人 不同文化的性别规范的差异导致了不同的结果。拟议的项目将提供 首次使用Latinx特定规范和Latinx样本对这些关联进行的EMA研究。 培训计划和环境：培训计划将为申请者提供健康差距、理论上的、 量化和实践培训，以促进作为独立的多元文化能力的生产性职业生涯 瘾君子。申请者将接受健康差距研究、拉美裔心理学、国际开发协会 方法论和汇集的多层次数据分析，成瘾科学的多元文化方法，科学写作， 以及对小型化的人群没有偏见的写作。培训将在以下部门进行 密苏里大学的心理科学，该大学有世界级的成瘾训练计划 由NIAAA T32(AA013526；PI：Ken Sher)支持。培训团队由临床专家(Dr. 麦卡锡，彼得森)和定量(默克尔博士)的成瘾研究。训练队的成员也 在拉丁裔心理学和与拉丁裔个人和妇女生活相关的因素研究方面具有专业知识 经验(弗洛雷斯博士)以及男性规范和性别角色冲突的影响(S博士)。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Long Term Objectives: The proposed project has two broad goals: to improve the understanding of risk processes positioning minoritized populations for elevated rates of AUD and other alcohol-related consequences; and to examine whether Latinx-specific gender norms influence the disproportionate experience of alcohol-related problems among Latinx individuals and Latino men specifically. Specific Aims: Aims of the project are to: test gender differences in alcohol risk mechanisms in a Latinx sample; examine the role of Latinx-specific gender norms in alcohol risk mechanisms; and to use integrative data analysis (IDA) to compare the role of gender norms across Black, Latinx, and non-Latinx White samples. Research Design and Method: The proposed project will consist of a two-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol with Latinx and non-Latinx Black participants. Adherence to mainstream U.S. and Latinx-specific gender norms will be assessed at baseline; daily and momentary mood, drinking motives, and alcohol outcomes will be measured via prompts completed on a smartphone app. Multi-level models will test whether gender moderates the impact of momentary mood and/or motives on alcohol outcomes as well as whether adherence to gender norms moderates the influence of momentary mood and/or motives. An IDA will pool data across these samples along with existing non-Latinx White, Latinx, and Black samples in order to test a) cultural construct validity of measures of gender norm adherence and b) differences in the predictive ability of gender norms between and within Black, Latinx, and White samples. Significance: The proposed project will advance the understanding of associations between mood, drinking motives, and alcohol outcomes among Black and Latinx populations, as well as the extent to which individual differences in culture-specific gender norms account for discrepant outcomes. The proposed project will provide the first EMA study of these associations using Latinx-specific norms and in a Latinx sample. Training Plan and Environment: The training plan will provide the applicant with health disparities, theoretical, quantitative, and practical training to facilitate a productive career as an independent multiculturally competent addiction scientist. The applicant will receive training in health disparities research, Latinx psychology, IDA methodology and pooled multilevel data analysis, multicultural approaches to addiction science, scientific writing, and writing free of biases against minoritized populations. Training will take place at the Department of Psychological Sciences at the University of Missouri, which has a world-class addiction training program supported by an NIAAA T32 (AA013526; PI: Ken Sher). The training team consists of experts in clinical (Drs. McCarthy, Pedersen) and quantitative (Dr. Merkle) research on addiction. Members of the training team also have expertise in Latinx psychology and the study of factors related to Latinx individuals’ and women’s lived experiences (Dr. Flores) as well as the impact of masculine norms and gender role conflict (Dr. Sánchez).