Alpha oscillations and working memory deficits in ADHD: A multimodal imaging investigation

项目摘要 注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患病率高（4-17岁儿童的5-11%）， 再加上其高昂的社会成本、强大的持久性和对生活质量的有害影响， 继续努力了解其潜在的神经机制。强调这一需要的是， 认识到ADHD在临床上和机制上是异质的，这可能会降低 ADHD生物标志物的可靠性。旨在减少这种异质性的新的重点研究是 needed.在这个项目中，我们的目标是定义一个强大的，相对未开发的推定生物标志物的视觉注意力 缺陷，α范围（8- 12 Hz）事件相关性降低（ERD），强烈指示工作记忆（WM） ADHD的缺陷。使用最先进的，同时脑电图功能磁共振成像记录，我们建议测量事件相关的 在WM编码过程中，alpha ERD及其相关的大脑激活和网络连接。并发 记录使我们能够直接测试阿尔法捕捉到的注意力机制的参与波动是否 ERD神经生理学测量预测WM神经过程的波动。使用这种方法，我们 旨在：（a）确定ADHD中α ERD缺陷和WM表现的神经机制，以及（B） 定义ADHD中α ERD缺陷的临床特征，包括其对真实的生活结局的影响， 学术成就独特的这个项目，我们将样本参与者谁是以前测试在两个 大型ADHD-EEG研究，招募他们进行纵向随访实验，如果他们目前 青春期（14-18岁）。通过这样做，我们的目标是（c）描述注意力的发展轨迹 在ADHD中由alpha ERD捕获的缺陷，以及其对临床和现实生活轨迹的影响 结果。青少年样本将为神经和神经生理学特征提供新的见解， ADHD在这一发展阶段。这项研究的结果是一个明确定义的神经机制， α ERD，可以靶向治疗ADHD或其他神经精神疾病中的WM缺陷。

Project Summary High prevalence rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (5-11% of children 4-17 years), combined with its high societal cost, strong persistence and pernicious effects on quality of life, warrant continued efforts to understand its underlying neural mechanisms. Underscoring this need is the increasing recognition that ADHD is clinically and mechanistically heterogeneous, and that this likely degrades the reliability of putative biomarkers of ADHD. Novel, focused studies that aim to reduce such heterogeneity are needed. In this project, we aim to define a robust, relatively unexplored putative biomarker of visual attention deficits, alpha range (8-12Hz) event-related decrease (ERD), which strongly indexes working memory (WM) deficits in ADHD. Using cutting-edge, concurrent EEG-fMRI recordings, we propose to measure event-related alpha ERD and its associated brain activation and network connectivity during WM encoding. The concurrent recordings allow us to directly test if fluctuations in engagement of attention mechanisms captured by the alpha ERD neurophysiological measures predict fluctuations in WM neural processes. Using this methodology, we aim to: (a) identify neural mechanisms underlying alpha ERD deficits and WM performance in ADHD, and (b) define the clinical features of alpha ERD deficits in ADHD, including its effect on real life outcomes such as academic achievement. Unique to this project, we will sample participants who were previously tested in two large ADHD-EEG studies, recruiting them for a longitudinal follow-up experimental session if they are currently in adolescence (14-18 years). By doing so we aim to (c) characterize the developmental trajectory of attention deficits as captured by alpha ERD in ADHD, as well its impact on the trajectory of clinical and real-life outcomes. The adolescent sample will provide new insight into neural and neurophysiological characteristics of ADHD during this developmental period. The outcome of this research is a clearly defined neural mechanism, alpha ERD, that can be targeted in treatment of WM deficits in ADHD, or in other neuropsychiatric disorders.