9/11 Trauma and Toxicity in Childhood: Longitudinal Health and Behavioral Outcomes

在9/11事件中，世贸中心地区的居民或当地学校的学生 经历了各种各样的心理创伤和中毒。为了确保他们的长期利益- 作为儿童时期接触9/11事件的个人，我们必须了解纵向的，终生的， 这些创伤性和毒性暴露对他们的身体健康和行为的影响 发展然而，大部分研究都集中在那些在9/11事件中成年的人身上。本研究 提供了强有力的证据，将9/11创伤和毒性暴露（9/11和随后）与一个 随后出现的一系列成人精神和身体疾病。根据这项研究，其中大部分涉及 世界贸易中心健康登记处（WTCHR），我们不幸地可以预期， 在他们身心发展的敏感时期直接接触9/11， 更大的和持续的终身风险的各种行为和身体健康的困难。因此， 对这些人进行长期研究，以促进早期干预和改善9/11事件。 暴露的个体，并摊销这一罕见的队列，以帮助我们更好地了解终身发展 儿童创伤和毒性对所有其他可能已经或可能已经成为儿童的影响， 暴露了然而，令人惊讶的是，对儿童时期接触9/11的人进行的研究要少得多。我们 儿童精神病学流行病学小组（CPEG）已经开始用我们自己的深入研究来填补这一空白 在我们资助的压力和幸福感（S&W）中，对该样本中的个人进行心理健康随访评估 study. S&W研究跟踪了N= 1，000名儿童暴露于9/11的人，N=500名年龄和性别 匹配的未暴露对照品。它关注的是心理创伤、精神和行为 结果，并为正在进行的发展精神病学和行为学研究提供了具体的证据。 在9/11之后的十年里，这个群体的问题。因此，我们现建议扩大 通过评估这些人的毒性和创伤暴露，并跟踪他们的身体状况， 健康（气道疾病和炎症过程）以及他们正在进行的精神病（精神健康， 药物滥用）和行为（决策异常和高风险行为）结果。此外，我们将 能够检查创伤和毒性暴露之间的相互作用以及由此产生的合并症 身体和精神健康问题。这将填补重要的知识空白，从而提供有价值的信息， 指导那些接触9/11和随后的毒性的儿童的精神和一般医疗护理， 与此同时，还为遭受其他创伤事件的其他青年提供了新的相关信息。

On 9/11, children who were residents of the World Trade Center area or students in local schools experienced a wide range of psychological traumas and of toxic exposures. To ensure their long term well- being of individuals exposed to 9/11 as children, it is imperative that we understand the longitudinal, lifetime effects that these traumatic and toxic exposures are having on their physical health and behavioral development. Yet the bulk of research has focused on those who were adults on 9/11. This research has furnished strong evidence linking 9/11 traumatic and toxic exposures (both on 9/11 and subsequently) to a wide range of subsequent adult psychiatric and physical disorders. Based on this research, much of it related to The World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR), we unfortunately can expect that youth who were directly exposed to 9/11 during sensitive periods in their physical and mental development will carry even greater and ongoing lifetime risks for a variety of behavioral and physical health difficulties. It is thus imperative to study these individuals over the long term, both to facilitate early intervention and amelioration for 9/11 exposed individuals, and to amortize this rare cohort to help us better understand the lifetime developmental impact of childhood trauma and toxicity for all the other children that may have been, or may yet become, so exposed. Yet, surprisingly, much less research has been done with those exposed to 9/11 as children. Our team, The Child Psychiatric Epidemiology Group (CPEG) has begun to fill in this gap with our own in depth mental health follow up evaluation of individuals in this sample in our funded Stress and Well Being (S&W) study. The S&W study followed N=1,000 individuals exposed to 9/11 as children and N=500, age and gender matched, unexposed Controls. It was focused on psychological trauma and psychiatric and behavioral outcomes, and produced concrete evidence for the ongoing developmental psychiatric and behavioral problems in this group, a decade after 9/11. We therefore now propose to conduct an expansion of the scope of this study by assessing these individuals for toxic as well as traumatic exposures and to follow their physical health (airway disorders and inflammatory processes) as well as their ongoing psychiatric (mental health, substance abuse) and behavioral (decision anomalies and high-risk behavior) outcomes. In addition we will be in a position to examine the interaction between traumatic and toxic exposures and the resulting comorbidities of physical and mental health issues. This will fill important knowledge gaps, resulting in valuable information to guide both psychiatric and general medical care for those children exposed to 9/11 and the ensuing toxicity, while simultaneously providing new information relevant for other youth exposed to other traumatic events.