Virtual Rotator Cuff Arthroscopic Skill Trainer

摘要 本提案旨在设计、开发和验证虚拟肩袖关节镜技能培训器 （ViRCAST）虚拟模拟关节镜下肩袖修复手术并进行广泛的验证研究 以证明其作为培训平台的有效性。该平台将提供安全的培训环境， 缩短获取必要技能的培训时间，并提供客观的技能学习过程， 量化措施。ViRCAST将纳入结构化和定制化学习（例如， 学习），这有望提高受训者的心理技能，同时提供认知反馈。它将 还可以帮助训练难度不断增加的场景。我们假设，拟议的平台将 通过刻意和个人特定学习显著改善培训。 ViRCAST将通过以下方式实现独特和创新：（1）骨骼、组织的高保真可视化， （2）基于物理学的软组织和骨与器械和液体的相互作用， 电烙术模拟，（3）在刮骨期间基于物理的组织和骨触觉（触摸）感觉 和清洁任务，（4）使用具有硬件接口的实际仪器（5）模拟打结任务（6） 各种难度设置的认知技能训练（7）严格的验证研究（例如内容，并发， 判别式，刻意学习评估）与人类受试者，（8）客观指标，来自 临床实践和（9）个性化培训，以发现和消除缺陷和不良习惯。 ViRCAST将纳入个性化培训（例如刻意学习），以确定学员的技能 不足之处，提高自己的技能水平。 ViRCAST将通过以下方式为评价和自我评估提供标准化、量化的反馈： 测量（a）外科医生手部运动的准确性和平滑度（手眼协调），（B） 应用程序的准确性（例如，锚角、节的分布、钻孔深度），（c）意外 损伤或错误（例如，损伤解剖结构），（d）在执行特定任务时的表现， 手术（例如止血持续时间），以及（e）复杂场景的认知决策过程。与 这样一种新颖的培训技术，也将有可能跟踪学员的表现趋势随着时间的推移， 通过创建动态场景来个性化培训序列，以改善学员的不足之处。

ABSTRACT The aim of this proposal is to design, develop, and validate Virtual Rotator Cuff Arthroscopic Skill Trainer (ViRCAST) to virtually simulate arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery and perform extensive validation studies to demonstrate its effectiveness as a training platform. The platform will provide safe training environment to reduce training time for acquisition of necessary skills and provide objective skill learning process with quantitative measures. The ViRCAST will incorporate structured and customized learning (e.g. trainee specific learning), which is expected to improve trainee's psychomotor skills while providing cognitive feedback. It will also assist training with increasing difficulty scenarios. We hypothesize that the proposed platform would significantly improve training with deliberate and individual specific learning. ViRCAST will be unique and innovative by incorporating; (1) High-fidelity visualization of the bone, tissue, and instruments, (2) realistic physics-based soft tissue and bone interactions with instruments and fluid and electrocautery simulation, (3) physics-based tissue and bone haptic (touch) sensation during the bone shaving and cleaning tasks, (4) use of actual instruments with hardware interfaces (5) simulation of knot tying tasks (6) cognitive skill training on various difficulty settings (7) rigorous validation studies (e.g. content, concurrent, discriminant, deliberate learning assessment) with human subjects, (8) Objective metrics derived from the clinical practice and (9) personalization in training to detect and eliminate the deficiencies and bad habits. ViRCAST will incorporate personalized training (e.g. deliberate learning) that will pinpoint trainees' skill deficiencies and aim to improve their skill levels. The ViRCAST will be providing standardized, quantified feedback for evaluation and self-assessment by measuring (a) the accuracy and smoothness of surgeons' hand movements (hand-eye coordination), (b) accuracy of the applied procedure (e.g. anchor angle, distribution of knots, drilling depth), (c) accidental damage or errors (e.g. injuring anatomical structures), (d) performance in conducting a specific task within the surgery (e.g. hemostasis duration), and (e) cognitive decision making process for the complex scenarios. With such a novel training technology, it will also be possible to track trainees' performance trends over time and personalize the training sequence by creating dynamic scenes to improve trainees' deficiency areas.