Development of Anhedonia in High-Risk Adolescents

 描述(由申请人提供)：拟议的发展精神病理学研究检查青春期快感缺乏症的发展。快感缺乏，或难以在预期或对奖励刺激做出反应时体验快感，是正价系统中的一个连贯维度，与额纹状体回路中假定的神经相关，并与青春期出现的几种形式的严重精神病理有关。快感缺乏是一种严重的症状，很可能出现在青春期，我们认为快感缺乏的发展可能先于情感和精神分裂症谱系的精神病理学的发展。具体地说，这项研究考察了130名13-17岁的青少年在主观、神经和行为方面的快感缺失的发展变化，他们要么典型地发展中，要么有抑郁症、双相情感障碍或精神分裂症谱系障碍的一级亲属。为了了解快感缺乏症的发展，这项拟议的研究的目的包括：(1)高危和低危青少年快感缺失的差异；(2)青春期快感缺失的发展；(3)快感缺失与抑郁、躁狂和精神病之间的横向和纵向联系。参与者每年将完成3次实验室访问和2次基于互联网的评估，计划在实验室访问之间每6个月进行一次。实验室访问包括快感缺乏、精神病理和功能的自我和父母报告；对金钱和社会奖励反应的额纹状体功能的功能磁共振成像(FMRI)；以及评估奖励动机和奖励学习的行为任务。我们将使用纵向增长模型来检验我们的假设。这项研究承诺通过阐明快感缺乏症的发展和病理生理学来推进心理健康研究，快感缺乏症是跨障碍发生的精神病理学的一个维度。由此产生的理解可以指导设计创新的、有发展目标的预防方法。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed developmental psychopathology study examines the development of anhedonia during adolescence. Anhedonia, or difficulty experiencing pleasure in anticipation of or response to rewarding stimuli, is a coherent dimension within positive valence systems, has putative neural correlates in frontostriatal circuitry, and is relevant to several forms of serious psychopathology that emerge during adolescence. Anhedonia, a serious symptom, is likely to emerge during adolescence, and we propose that the development of anhedonia could precede the development of affective and schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. Specifically, the study examines developmental changes in subjective, neural, and behavioral aspects of anhedonia in 130 adolescents, age 13-17, who are either typically developing or have a first-degree relative with a history of depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. With the goal of understanding the development of anhedonia, the proposed study's aims include investigating (1) differences in anhedonia between high-risk and low-risk adolescents; (2) the development of anhedonia across adolescence; and (3) associations between anhedonia and depression, mania, and psychosis both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Participants will complete 3 laboratory visits at annual intervals and 2 internet-based assessments, scheduled every 6 months between lab visits. Laboratory visits include self- and parent-report of anhedonia, psychopathology, and functioning; functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of frontostriatal function in response to monetary and social rewards; and behavioral tasks assessing reward motivation and reward learning. We will use longitudinal growth modeling to test our hypotheses. This study promises to advance mental health research by elucidating the development and pathophysiology of anhedonia, a dimension of psychopathology that occurs across disorders. Resulting understanding can inform the design of innovative, developmentally targeted prevention approaches.