Molecular epidemiology and serology of malaria under shifting agricultural practices in Africa

项目摘要 这是一份F32奖学金的申请，申请人是博士后学者伊丽莎白·赫明-施罗德博士。 提议在凯斯西海岸全球健康教授詹姆斯·卡祖拉博士的赞助下进行培训 储备大学。该奖学金的总体目标是让Hemming-Schroeder博士培养她的技能， 成为疟疾流行病学领域未来的独立调查员。具体来说，这个F32奖学金 将为Hemming-Schroeder博士提供必要的支持，以实现以下目标：1）设计 流行病学研究，以检验与疟疾传播和控制有关的假设; 2）分析大量的 使用生物信息学的基因组数据; 3）使用免疫学技术研究疟疾流行病学;以及4） 培养领导能力和专业技能，领导跨学科的研究团队。消除粮食不安全 为了满足人口快速增长对水资源日益增长的需求， 预计将在撒哈拉以南非洲迅速增加。这些水资源开发的影响 项目对疟疾风险的影响仍然知之甚少。该项目将侧重于评估 灌溉项目导致的农业做法改变和人口迁移对寄生虫种群的影响 遗传学和疟疾流行病学。在肯尼亚的新灌溉和非灌溉地区， 将监测土地使用和人口流动，并使用横截面调查，纵向队列研究， 被动病例监测，以监测当地居民和外来务工人员中寄生虫种群的变化， 这些地区疟疾发病率的变化。在目标1中，Hemming-Schroeder博士将研究 通过微卫星和药物基因分型对寄生虫种群遗传学和多样性的农业实践 抗性标记，以及扩增子下一代测序和生物信息学分析。在目标2中，博士 Hemming-Schroeder将确定改变农业做法对症状性疾病负担的影响， 寄生虫暴露史和感染复杂性，通过当地卫生中心的被动病例检测， 医院，寄生虫暴露生物标志物的血清学，深层序列的生物信息学分析，以及混合 效应模型分析这项研究将有助于提高我们对水资源影响的认识 发展项目对疟疾流行病学和人口遗传学的影响， 能够维持有效的疟疾控制计划。这项研究的数据将作为初步数据 在F32奖学金的最后一年申请K22或K99。通过拟议的研究活动和 根据培训计划，Hemming-Schroeder博士将获得流行病学、生物信息学、免疫学和 领导能力和专业技能，这将有助于她获得独立的资金，并为她的教师做好准备 领导跨学科研究项目的职业生涯。

Project Summary This is an application for a F32 fellowship for Dr. Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder, a Postdoctoral Scholar proposing to train under the sponsorship of Dr. James Kazura, Professor of Global Health at Case Western Reserve University. The overall goal for this fellowship is for Dr. Hemming-Schroeder to cultivate her skills to become a future independent investigator in the field of malaria epidemiology. Specifically, this F32 fellowship will provide Dr. Hemming-Schroeder with the necessary support to achieve the following goals: 1) Design epidemiological studies to test hypotheses related to malaria transmission and control; 2) Analyze large sets of genomic data using bioinformatics; 3) Use immunological techniques to study malaria epidemiology; and 4) Develop leadership and professional skills to lead an interdisciplinary research team. To combat food insecurity and meet increasing water demands under rapid population growth, water resource development projects are anticipated to rapidly increase in sub-Saharan Africa. The impacts that these water resource development projects will have on malaria risk remain poorly understood. This project will focus on assessing the impacts of shifting agricultural practices and human migration resulting from irrigation projects on parasite population genetics and malaria epidemiology. In newly irrigated and non-irrigated areas of Kenya, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will monitor land use and population movement and use cross-sectional surveys, a longitudinal cohort study, and passive case surveillance to monitor changes in parasite populations in local residents and migrant laborers and malaria incidence in the areas over time. In Aim 1, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will examine the impacts of shifting agricultural practices on parasite population genetics and diversity through genotyping of microsatellite and drug resistance markers, as well as amplicon next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. In Aim 2, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will determine the impacts of shifting agricultural practices on symptomatic disease burden, parasite exposure history, and infection complexity through passive case detection in local health centers and hospitals, serology for biomarkers of parasite exposure, bioinformatic analysis of deep sequences, and mixed effects model analysis. This research will help to improve our understanding of the impacts water resource development projects have on malaria epidemiology and population genetics, which is critically important to being able to maintain effective malaria control programs. Data from this research will serve as preliminary data for a K22 or K99 application in the final year of the F32 fellowship. Through the proposed research activities and training plan, Dr. Hemming-Schroeder will gain skills in epidemiology, bioinformatics, immunology, and leadership and professional skills, which will help her to gain independent funding and prepare her for a faculty career leading an interdisciplinary research program.