SHIFT Onboard: Protecting New Transit Operators Against Safety and Health Hazards

项目总结 肥胖症在职业司机中的流行程度是普通人群的两倍。肥胖和 相关的健康状况增加了车辆相撞的风险，增加了成本和损失的工作时间 与受伤相关的人数增加80%。然而，有效的干预措施很少。在我们之前的资助期内，我们 展示了名为“安全与健康”的减肥干预措施(三级预防)的有效性 卡车司机的参与“(Shift)。在这一成功的基础上，我们将通过调整我们的 公交运营企业首次体重增加一级预防技术与策略 工作年限。我们相互竞争的更新战略还将通过整合 通过传统的新员工培训和社会化过程进行有效的健康干预。五十年 流行病学证据表明，驾驶公交车会增加肥胖和健康问题的风险，而且确实如此 是时候进行干预了。我们的初步数据表明，新司机在第一次开车时体重会增加很多 年。早年的健康转变，如长时间久坐不动、轮班工作和压力，可能会 还会影响到运输行业的旷工和碰撞等代价高昂的问题。然而，体重增加 对于进入肥胖职业的员工缺乏预防干预，工作场所也很少 针对新员工的培训和社会化计划(称为入职)明确解决了对健康的危害。 入职是一个关键的社会化过程，员工在此过程中获得核心技能能力，建立 支持工作的社会关系，学习公司价值观，遵守和适应工作场所的规范。因此， 在这一关键时期，对健康和安全造成长期影响的可能性很高。我们的 有效的轮班干预是通过移动友好网站实施的，策略包括 受激励的类似游戏的竞争，以行为和体重记录为支持，基于计算机 培训和激励性面试。在我们建议的适应化修改中，“轮班上船”(安全与健康影响 对于入职期间的公共交通司机)将旨在防止新公交车司机体重增加，并 支持他们的早期调整和工作成功。我们的主要假设是相对于通常的做法， 轮班参与者将拥有(1)更好的睡眠、饮食和锻炼行为；(2)更轻的体重 收获。我们还将评估对新员工调整和经济结果的影响，这些影响对 雇主；职业健康创新的最终采用者。我们成功的能力是由我们的 过去在运输工人方面取得的独特成功、组织入职方面的专业知识和强大的运输能力 劳动和管理方面的支持。为了验证我们的假设，我们将进行形成性研究，然后 随机对照试验。我们的五年计划将实现三个具体目标：(1)采用我们行之有效的策略和 对公交司机进行乘车试点；(2)确定乘车预防效果 体重增加；以及(3)评估新员工的适应和轮班对经济的影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY Obesity is twice as prevalent among occupational drivers than in the general population. Obesity and associated health conditions increase the risk of vehicle collisions and increase the costs and lost work time associated with injuries by 80%. However, effective interventions are scarce. In our prior funding period we demonstrated the efficacy of a weight loss intervention (tertiary prevention) named “Safety and Health Involvement For Truckers” (SHIFT). Building on this success, we will advance the field further by adapting our technology and tactics for primary prevention of weight gain among mass transit bus operators during their first years of employment. Our competing renewal strategy will also advance organizational science by integrating an effective health intervention with traditional new employee training and socialization processes. Fifty years of epidemiological evidence is clear – bus driving increases the risk for obesity and health problems, and it is time for interventions. Our preliminary data suggest that new drivers gain substantial weight during their first year. Health disruptive transitions in early years, like long sedentary work hours, shift work, and stress, may also impact costly problems of absenteeism and collisions in the transit industry. However, weight gain prevention interventions are lacking for employees entering obesogenic occupations, and few workplace training and socialization programs for new hires (referred to as onboarding) explicitly address health hazards. Onboarding is a critical socialization process where employees acquire core skill competencies, establish work-supportive social relationships, learn corporate values, and observe and adapt to workplace norms. Thus, the potential for creating long-lasting impacts on both health and safety during this critical period is high. Our effective SHIFT intervention is implemented through a mobile friendly website, and tactics include an incentivized game-like competition that is supported with behavior and body weight logging, computer-based training, and motivational interviewing. In our proposed adaptation “SHIFT Onboard” (Safety & Health Impact For Transit drivers during Onboarding) will be designed to prevent weight gain among new bus drivers and support their early adjustment and job success. Our primary hypotheses are that relative to usual practice, SHIFT Onboard participants will have (1) superior sleep, eating, and exercise behaviors; and (2) less weight gain. We will also evaluate impacts on new employee adjustment and economic outcomes that are critical to employers; the ultimate adopters of occupational health innovations. Our ability to succeed is bolstered by our unique past success with transportation workers, expertise in organizational onboarding, and strong transit labor and management support. To test our hypotheses, we will conduct formative research followed by a randomized controlled trial. Our 5-year plan will accomplish 3 specific aims: (1) Adapt our proven tactics and pilot SHIFT Onboard for mass transit bus drivers; (2) Determine the efficacy of SHIFT Onboard for preventing weight gain; and (3) Evaluate new employee adjustment and economic impacts of SHIFT Onboard.