Peripheral and environmental factors affecting postpartum mood state

项目摘要/摘要 近70%的女性在分娩后的几周内会经历某种形式的悲伤、快感缺乏和焦虑 一个孩子的[1，2]。大多数女性在出生后的几周内最终会感觉好一些，但大约10%-20%的女性 可能会继续经历产后抑郁症(PPD)。自杀是新奥尔良的主要死因之一 令人遗憾的是，医生可能无法在规定的时间内诊断或有效治疗产后抑郁 它出现了[3，4]。产后抑郁的危险因素包括母亲与世隔绝、负性生活事件和低血压 社会经济地位或就业，表明当母亲没有资源和支持时 她们需要，她们患产后情绪障碍的风险增加。然而，确切的机制是 产后情绪的这些变化还不得而知。众所周知，免疫系统的功能 在怀孕和产后，内分泌系统会发生显著变化[5]。还有一个戏剧性的 雌性大鼠怀孕期间和怀孕后神经免疫系统的变化[6]。雌性大鼠展示 通过蔗糖偏好试验在出生当天测量的快感缺乏，这与出生时 白介素6在出生当天脑内的表达[7，8]。目前实验的目标是 确定是否会以有限的卧铺和筑巢的形式产生相关的母体压力 产后持续性快感缺乏与免疫分子、应激激素的显著变化相关 或者怀孕荷尔蒙。这项建议还试图确定相关神经活动的显著变化 产后快感缺乏和产妇护理不足。希望未来的研究模型能将 了解产后抑郁的相关环境危险因素对其生理、行为和行为的影响 神经状态与产后负面情绪有关。

Project Summary / Abstract Nearly 70% of women experience some form of sadness, anhedonia and anxiety in the weeks following the birth of a child [1,2]. Most women eventually feel better in the weeks after birth, but approximately 10-20% of women may continue to experience postpartum depression (PPD). Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in new mothers, sadly indicating that doctors may be unable to diagnose or effectively treat PPD within the timeframe that it emerges [3,4]. The risk factors for PPD include maternal isolation, negative life events, and low socioeconomic status or employment, suggesting that when mothers don't have the resources and support that they need, they are at increased risk of developing postpartum mood disorders. Yet the exact mechanisms that precipitate these changes in mood postpartum are still unknown. It is well-known that the function of the immune and endocrine systems are significantly altered during pregnancy and postpartum [5]. There is also a dramatic change in the neuroimmune system during and just after pregnancy in female rats [6]. Female rats exhibit anhedonia, as measured by sucrose preference test, on the day of birth that is associated with an increase in Interleukin (IL)-6 expression in the brain on the day of birth [7,8]. The goal of the current experiments is to determine whether a relevant maternal stress, in the form of limited bedding and nesting, can precipitate persistent postpartum anhedonia associated with a significant change in immune molecules, stress hormones or pregnancy hormones. This proposal also seeks to determine significant changes in neural activity associated with postpartum anhedonia and deficits in maternal care. The hope is that future research models incorporate relevant environmental risk factors of PPD to better understand they impact the physiological, behavioral and neural state associated with negative postpartum mood.