Integration of Wolbachia-based Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) and Auto-Dissemination Augmented by Males (ADAM) for mosquito vector control

摘要 在缺乏有效的、经批准的登革热疫苗或治疗措施的情况下， 和其他蚊媒病原体，公共卫生工作必须集中在控制蚊子 传播所需的载体。然而，有效的控制措施并不 可用于对付入侵的蚊子物种，如埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊， 部分原因是他们的神秘行为造成的问题。具体来说，伊蚊在 不受现有控制方法保护的隐藏/无法进入的场所，例如，卡车和天线 喷涂. 自动杀灭技术利用昆虫本身作为一种自我控制工具。为例 昆虫不育技术（SIT）已成功用于防治多种农业害虫， 包括从北美大陆的大规模消除（例如，螺旋虫; 人食旋蝇（Cochliomyia hominivorax）。然而，尽管经过多年的努力，SIT尚未证明有效 对付蚊子。 通过之前的SBIR资助的研究，MosquitoMate开发了两种自动杀灭方法 对抗爱aegypti和Ae.白纹伊蚊，包括：1）不相容昆虫技术 (IIT)使用天然存在的细菌（沃尔巴克氏体）来使种群绝育，以及2） 男性增强自动传播（ADAM）使用男性作为传播媒介 强效杀虫剂到目前为止，美国环境保护署（EPA）已指示 MosquitoMate将IIT和ADAM方法分开。在这里提出的工作中， MosquitoMate将开发EPA可以考虑将两者整合的数据 接近。 如果获奖，由此产生的研究将检查对EPA的功效和风险至关重要的参数 评估，包括潜在的：1）PPF对Wolbachia诱导的不育的影响，2）PPF影响 对雄性蚊子的性能（例如，“提高"男性竞争力），以及3）PPF对 雌蚊的繁殖力和适应力。产生的数据将被传送到 EPA，包括注册前会议，以确定导致FIFRA第3节的要求 IIT/ADAM联合方法的EPA农药注册。 市场潜力存在于地方，公司，政府和区域范围的控制水平， 控制入侵的、医学上重要的蚊子物种。MosquitoMate独家报道 沃尔巴克氏体专利技术和ADAM技术的其他专利许可。

Abstract In the absence of effective, approved vaccines or therapeutic measures against dengue, Zika and other mosquito borne pathogens, public health efforts must focus on the control of mosquito vectors that are required for transmission. Unfortunately, effective control measures are not available against invasive mosquito species like Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, due in part to problems resulting from their cryptic behaviour. Specifically, Aedes mosquitoes breed in hidden/inaccessible sites that are sheltered from existing control methods, e.g., truck and aerial spraying. Autocidal technologies use the insect itself as a self-delivering control tool. As an example, the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been used successfully against multiple agricultural pests, including large scale elimination from the North American continent (e.g., Screwworm; Cochliomyia hominivorax). However, despite years of effort, SIT has not proven effective against mosquitoes. Through previous SBIR-funded research, MosquitoMate has developed two autocidal methods against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, including: 1) Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) that uses a naturally occurring bacterium (Wolbachia) to sterilize populations, and 2) Auto-Dissemination Augmented by Males (ADAM) that uses males as vehicles to spread a potent insecticide. To date, the USA Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has instructed MosquitoMate to keep the IIT and ADAM approaches separate. In the work proposed here, MosquitoMate will develop data that the EPA can consider for the integration of the two approaches. If awarded, the resulting research will examine parameters critical to the EPA’s efficacy and risk assessments, including potential: 1) PPF effects on Wolbachia-induced sterility, 2) PPF effects on male mosquito performance (e.g., ‘boosting’ of male competitiveness), and 3) PPF effects on adult female mosquito fecundity and fitness. The resulting data will be communicated to the EPA, including a pre-registration meeting to identify requirements leading to FIFRA Section 3 EPA pesticide registration for the combined IIT/ADAM approach. Market potential exists at the local, corporate, government and area wide control levels for the control of invasive, medically important mosquito species. MosquitoMate has an exclusive license for the patented Wolbachia technology and additional patents on the ADAM technology.