Early Predictors of Cognitive/Language Development

(研究项目--认知/语言发展的早期预测因素) 项目总结 该项目旨在识别电生理标记物(使用脑磁图，MEG)来预测 面临智力和发育障碍(IDD)风险的婴幼儿未来的智力能力。对这件事 最后，我们将使用在上一个IDDRC周期中开发的一套MEG范例，这些范例显示了差异 对一般认知能力和特定语言能力敏感。范式侧重于小学(纯)的评估 声调)通过更高阶(词汇通路)的听觉皮质活动。与所获得的听觉皮质神经 我们使用的测量方法(单独和联合使用)将预测未来的功能状态(认知和语言)。婴儿- 这些范例的优化版本被应用于遗传风险为后续智力残疾的婴儿 诊断。因此，我们假设，早期评估高危婴儿的电生理活动不会 不仅可以定量地显示风险程度，还可以预测和明确减值的性质。vt.给出 大多数智力残疾的临床诊断至少要到学龄期才能做出，这是一种加速的 启用了纵向设计。首先，婴儿阶段对6个月、12个月和18个月大的婴儿进行研究 以预测36个月后的功能状态。同时招募的学龄前阶段招募3岁的幼儿 有相似基因诊断(IDD高危)的年份预测年龄时获得的功能结果评估 六年了。通过这项研究设计，3岁儿童的中期功能随访最初扫描为6岁、12岁和 18个月的婴儿可以更好地解释6岁时的预后预测。直通串口 脑磁图检查、即时(如6个月、12个月或18个月)评估以及发育轨迹 (6至12至18个月的间隔变化)的预测值。在创新方面， 鉴于大脑活动的时间和空间分辨率几乎是脑磁图所独有的，脑磁图有望极大地 增强我们对正常和异常婴幼儿大脑发育的理解。特别是另外 注意到直接针对一系列初级/次级听觉皮质神经过程的检查的使用， 提供源空间中大脑活动的测量的分析允许集中评估大脑中的活动 先天感兴趣的区域与研究全脑活动的综合衡量标准。预计 对IDD高危婴儿的脑活动进行早期重复评估将提供可行的 向父母和照顾者提供信息，并在需要时允许更早地进行量身定制的干预。

(RESEARCH PROJECT- EARLY PREDICTORS OF COGNITIVE/LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT) PROJECT SUMMARY This project aims to identify electrophysiological markers (using magnetoencephalography, MEG) that predict future intellectual ability in infants and toddlers at risk for intellectual and developmental disability (IDD). To this end, we will use a suite of MEG paradigms developed in the previous IDDRC cycle that show differential sensitivity to general cognitive and language-specific ability. Paradigms focus on assessment of primary (pure tones) through higher-order (lexical access) auditory cortex activity. With the obtained auditory cortex neural measures used (singly and combined) we will predict future functional status (cognitive and language). Infant- optimized versions of these paradigms are applied to infants at genetic risk of a subsequent intellectual disability diagnosis. Hence, we hypothesize that early assessment of electrophysiological activity in at-risk infants will not only quantitatively indicate the degree of risk but will also predict and specify the nature of impairment. Given that most clinical diagnoses of intellectual disability are not made until at least school-age years, an accelerated longitudinal design is invoked. First, an Infant phase studies babies at 6, 12 and then 18 months in an attempt to predict functional status at 36 months. A simultaneously recruited Preschool phase recruits toddlers at age 3 years with similar genetic diagnoses (at-risk for IDD) to predict functional outcome assessment obtained at age 6 years. Via this research design, the interim functional follow-up of 3 year olds initially scanned as 6, 12 and 18-month infants can be better interpreted with respect to prediction of outcome at age 6 years. Through serial MEG examination, instantaneous (e.g., 6, 12 or 18 months) assessments as well as developmental trajectories (6- to 12- to 18-month interval change) are interrogated for their predictive value. With respect to innovation, given the temporal and spatial resolution of brain activity that is almost unique to MEG, MEG is poised to greatly enhance our understanding of normal and abnormal infant and toddler brain development. Specially, in addition to noted use of exams that directly target a range of primary/secondary auditory cortex neural processes, analyses that provide measures of brain activity in source space allow for focused assessment of activity at brain regions of a priori interest versus examining a composite measure of whole-brain activity. It is anticipated that early repeated assessment of brain activity of infants at risk for an IDD diagnosis will provide actionable information to parents and caregivers and, where needed, allow earlier tailored interventions.