NBER Center for Aging and Health Research

其他项目信息-项目概要/摘要 从1918年至1920年的流感大流行中为COVID-19提供的教训 COVID-19疫情对健康的影响目前备受关注。一个问题是， 非药物公共卫生干预措施影响疾病的传播，从而影响死亡率。 第二个是不同社会经济地位的人之间感染率和死亡率的不平等 特色该项目的目标是从流感大流行中吸取教训， 开始于1918年春天，在1918年底和1919年初的第二波浪潮中达到顶峰，持续到1920年， 全球累计有四千万人死亡综合运用跨城市和跨国分析， 该项目将研究流感大流行的疾病后果与人口变化的关系 NPI使用的人口统计学和模式。该项目将评估疾病结果与疾病类型的关系， 各地理位置及以上实施的非药品公共卫生干预措施的持续时间 时间它将描述流感大流行期间采用的NPI的类型， 强度和应用的持续时间。需要考虑的非营利组织包括关闭学校、禁止公共 隔离/隔离。该项目将分析感染、死亡、人口 人口统计数据，以及至少45个美国大城市、48个国家以及西班牙和英国城市的NPI使用情况， 在那里可以获得流感相关超额死亡率的高频数据。该项目将作为一个 补助金P30-AG 012810，NBER老龄化和健康研究中心。

OTHER PROJECT INFORMATION – Project Summary/Abstract Lessons for COVID-19 from the Great Influenza Pandemic of 1918 to 1920 There is currently great concern about the health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. One issue is how non-pharmaceutical public-health interventions (NPIs) impact the spread of the disease and, hence, fatality rates. A second is the inequality in infection rates and deaths across people with different socioeconomic characteristics. The goal of this project is to draw lessons for today from the Great Influenza Pandemic, which began in spring 1918, peaked during a second wave in late 1918 and early 1919, persisted through 1920, and cumulatively killed 40 million people worldwide. Using a combination of cross-city and cross-national analyses, the project will study how disease outcomes from the Great Influenza Pandemic relate to variations in population demographics and patterns of NPI use. The project will assess how disease outcomes relate to the types and durations of non-pharmaceutical public-health interventions implemented across geographic locations and over time. It will characterize the NPIs that were adopted during the Great Influenza Pandemic in terms of type, intensity, and duration of application. Among the NPIs to be considered are school closings, prohibitions of public gatherings, and quarantine/isolation. The project will analyze variations in infections, deaths, population demographics, and NPI use across at least 45 large US cities, 48 countries, and cities in Spain and England, where high-frequency data are available on flu-related excess mortality. The project will be conducted as a supplement to grant P30-AG012810, the NBER Center for Aging and Health Research.