Multimodal Musical Stimulation for Healthy Neurocognitive Aging

摘要 我们每天遇到的音乐包含幅度和频率调制， 将有意义的信息传达给听者的声音信号的快速变化。 人脑从这些信号中接收和解释含义的能力是 由神经振荡网络实现：神经元组的放电模式 用有节奏的活动来跟踪音乐。不同频段的神经振荡 有助于注意力和记忆，以及感知和理解；它们 随着寿命的增长而发展，随着年龄的增长而减少，特别是在痴呆症中。能够 理解和因果性地控制神经振荡将对 健康的神经认知老化。因为音乐天生就能刺激大脑 随着时间的推移，我们假设音乐可以作为一种可持续的、 自然主义形式的脑刺激，以在神经元群体中诱导振荡。 此外，我们假设，通过插入伽马波段能量作为感官 在听音乐时的刺激，我们可以增加大脑中伽马波段的活动 一种根据大脑固有的网络动态进行频率调整的方式，从而取代了 随着年龄的增长，减少的神经振荡减少，改善记忆力和 老年人的认知能力。我们假设伽马波段调制被插入到 灯光和听音乐结合在一起，可以通过以下方式改善老年人的记忆力 频率调谐到固有的个体大脑网络动态。在这里，我们建议使用 第一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的可行性研究，以测试 音乐耦合伽马频段刺激对脑电和作业行为指标的影响 老年人的记忆力。结果将测试振荡机制的因果作用。 大脑对认知的影响。如果成功，这场试验将为第一部音乐剧奠定基础， 神经生理学靶向脑刺激装置逆转认知功能衰退 衰老。

Abstract Music that we encounter every day contains amplitude and frequency modulations, rapid changes in acoustic signals that convey meaningful information to the listener. The human brain’s ability to receive and interpret meaning from these signals is implemented by networks of neural oscillations: firing patterns of groups of neurons that track the music with rhythmic activity. Neural oscillations in different frequency bands subserve attention and memory, as well as perception and comprehension; they develop over the lifespan and are reduced in aging, especially in dementia. Being able to understand and causally control neural oscillations will have crucial implications for healthy neurocognitive aging. Since music naturally stimulates the brain with its rhythmic content over time, we hypothesize that music can be used as a sustainable, naturalistic form of brain stimulation to induce oscillatory in neuronal populations. Furthermore, we hypothesize that by inserting gamma-band energy as sensory stimulation during music listening, we can increase gamma-band activity in the brain in a way that is frequency-tuned to the brain’s intrinsic network dynamics, thus replacing the decreased neural oscillations that are reduced in aging, and improving memory and cognition in older adults. We hypothesize that gamma-band modulations inserted in lights, when coupled with music listening, can improve memory in older adults by frequency-tuning to intrinsic individual brain network dynamics. Here we propose the first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility study, to test the effects of music-coupled gamma-band stimulation on EEG and behavioral indices of working memory in older adults. Results will test the causal role of oscillatory mechanisms of the brain on cognition. If successful, this trial will lay the groundwork to the first musical, neurophysiologically targeted, brain-stimulation device for reversing cognitive decline in aging.