Tobacco Regulatory Science Investigating the Intersections of Products with Diverse Populations

摘要：总体 烟草产品的种类越来越多。非卷烟产品现在获得了很大的市场份额；它们的使用 而且对健康的影响因人口而异。年轻人和不使用烟草产品的年轻成年人是庸俗的- 能够启动电子烟--一种对尼古丁依赖和可燃烟草都有风险的产品 领悟。然而，中老年人可能会从易燃产品转向具有潜在健康价值的电子烟产品 福利。FDA被要求考虑监管政策如何在不同的子组中产生不同的影响，以确保 保护“作为一个整体的人口”。针对种群多样性的研究很少。通过其主题， 产品与人群的交集，南加州大学烟草中心的Regula- 保守党科学(USC-TCORS)将对特定电子烟产品的使用和健康影响进行研究 在不同人群之间。我们将研究电子烟的产品特点和营销方法，假设 增加青少年和年轻成年非吸烟者对烟草产品的吸引力、使用量和成瘾， 对老年吸烟者使用烟草产品的影响。这些电子烟产品包括：(A)非烟草调味品； (B)产生大型蒸汽云的成分和装置；。(C)可改装的装置；。 类似香烟的；(E)包装和广告中的卡通；(F)糖果口味或其他以青少年为目标的广告- 开球题材。限制非易燃产品的产品标准和营销要求 保护年轻人的功能，同时将成年吸烟者改换烟瘾的附带影响降至最低，将满足 FDA的使命是保护总体人口。我们将提供证据来预测这些要求是否 将对按种族、社会经济地位和性别定义的弱势群体产生公平影响 受到不断扩大的烟草差距的影响。四个相辅相成的研究项目使用不同的冰毒- 气味学将测试关于电子烟产品多样性对烟草生产影响的变化的共同假设。 按年龄、可燃烟草使用和社会人口多样性划分的UCT使用情况：(1)公益性特征-- 能够在社交媒体上发布电子烟产品特征和营销主题的帖子，这些主题将链接到 具体以青少年和青壮年的烟草产品使用行为为例，(2)截取对顾客的访谈 在电子烟商店评估电子烟监管情景对烟草产品使用的影响，(3)队列 电子烟产品特性和营销暴露与烟草产品使用关系的研究 (4)电子烟产品特性的影响的实验室测试- 药物和营销曝光操纵产品吸引力、滥用责任和其他结果。支撑点 通过中心范围的科学和职业发展基础设施，USC-TCORS将为FDA提供 评估电子烟的各种监管方法可能会如何影响 保护弱势群体和全体人民的健康。科学领域：成瘾、行为和营销。

ABSTRACT: Overall Tobacco products are increasingly diverse. Non-cigarette products now garner a large market share; their use and health impact varies across populations. Youth and young adult non-users of tobacco products are vulner- able to initiation of e-cigarettes—a product posing risks both of nicotine dependence and of combustible tobacco uptake. Yet, middle-aged/older adults may switch from combustible to e-cigarette products with potential health benefits. The FDA is required to consider how regulatory policy has differing impact across subgroups to ensure protection of the ‘population as a whole.’ Research addressing population diversity is scant. Through its theme, the Intersections of Products with Populations, the University of Southern California Tobacco Center of Regula- tory Science (USC-TCORS) will conduct research on the use and health effects of specific e-cigarette products across populations. We will study e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing approaches hypothesized to increase tobacco product attraction, use, and addiction in youth and young adult non-smokers and have little impact on tobacco product use in older smokers. These e-cigarette products include: (a) non-tobacco flavorings; (b) constituents and devices that produce large vapor clouds; (c) modifiable devices; (d) device designs not resembling cigarettes; (e) cartoons in packaging and advertising; (f) candy flavors or other youth-oriented mar- keting themes. Product standards and marketing requirements limiting non-combustible products with these features to protect young people, while minimizing collateral effects on switching in adult smokers, would satisfy FDA’s mission to protect the overall population. We will provide evidence to forecast whether such requirements would have equitable impact across vulnerable groups defined by ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and sex that are affected by widening tobacco disparities. Four complementary research projects employing differing meth- odologies will test shared hypotheses on variation of the impact of e-cigarette product diversity on tobacco prod- uct use by age, combustible tobacco use, and sociodemographic diversity: (1) characterization of publicly avail- able social media postings of e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing themes that will be linked pro- spectively with tobacco product use behavior in youth and young adults, (2) intercept interviews with customers at vape shops to assess the impact of scenarios of e-cigarette regulation on tobacco product use, (3) cohort studies of associations of e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing exposures with tobacco product use and dependence across 10 years of early life, (4) laboratory tests of the impact of e-cigarette product character- istics and marketing exposure manipulations on product appeal, abuse liability, and other outcomes. Supported by a Center-wide scientific and career development infrastructure, USC-TCORS will provide the FDA with a robust body of evidence to assess how various regulatory approaches to e-cigarettes are likely to affect the health of vulnerable groups and the whole population. Scientific Domains: Addiction, Behavior, and Marketing.