The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent drinking in a longitudinal cohort spanning 21 U.S. cities

项目总结/摘要 青少年酗酒带来重大疾病负担。2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19） 大流行给青少年的日常生活带来了前所未有的变化，影响了几个领域， 建立与酒精使用的联系（例如，压力和家庭冲突）。然而，没有公布的数据， 在大流行期间青少年饮酒的过程;每一次大流行的具体影响 改变（例如，社交距离、远程教育、父母在家工作）对青少年饮酒的影响; 加剧或缓冲大流行对饮酒影响的风险/弹性因素;或COVID- 19.青年和家庭成员中的感染/疫苗接种与病前或病后饮酒有关。因此，我们缺乏 指导有效公共卫生战略所需的时间敏感信息。我们建议解决这个问题 使用青少年大脑和认知发展的二级数据分析的紧迫，时间敏感的需求 研究，一项大型（N= 11，880）、纵向、全国性青少年队列研究，跨越21个研究中心， 美国的参与者在研究开始前的中位时间为29个月， 在对酒精和药物使用、精神/身体状况、 健康和家庭/社区环境。9，031+参与者和他们的父母完成了多达七波 在2020年5月至2021年5月期间进行的调查中，每项调查都测量了青少年在饮酒期间的饮酒情况和经历。 2019冠状病毒病疫情。通过结合一个特征鲜明的，社会人口学上多样化的，全国性的队列， 在大流行之前招募，并在大流行的前14个月对该队列进行系列评估， ABCD研究®在研究流行期间青少年饮酒方面具有突出的潜力。我们追求 四个具体目标。目标1：描述COVID-19大流行期间青少年饮酒情况，并评估 饮酒与（a）参与公共卫生预防措施（例如，社会距离），（B）变化 （c）日常生活受到干扰，（d）情绪健康和压力/担心 COVID-19，（e）家庭压力╱不和，及（f）父母饮酒。目标2：确定青少年弱势群体 受COVID-19大流行影响最严重的酒精使用者， 和支持，测试青年性别/性别/年龄/种族/民族，社会经济劣势，家庭 和同伴环境，或青少年倾向于早期饮酒。目标3：评估COVID-19的关联性 青少年及其家庭成员的感染与青少年病前和病后饮酒的关系。目的 4：确定青年疫苗接种对随后酒精使用模式的影响。研究活动 迅速得出调查结果并广泛传播，为时间敏感的公众提供最佳支持 卫生战略。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescent alcohol abuse conveys significant disease burden. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has wrought unprecedented changes to adolescents’ daily lives, affecting several domains with well- establish links to alcohol use (e.g., increased stress and family conflict). However, there is no published data the course of adolescent drinking across the duration of the pandemic; the specific effects of each pandemic-related change (e.g., social distancing, remote schooling, parents working from home) on adolescents’ drinking; risk/resiliency factors exacerbating or buffering against pandemic’s impact on drinking; or the relation of COVID- 19 infection/vaccination among youth and family members to pre-morbid or post-morbid drinking. Thus, we lack the time-sensitive information necessary to guide an effective public health strategy. We propose to address this urgent, time-sensitive need using secondary data analysis of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study, a large (N=11,880), longitudinal, nationwide cohort of adolescents spanning 21 study sites across the United States. Participants had been followed prospectively for a median of 29 months before the beginning of the pandemic and were well-characterized across multiple assessments of alcohol and drug use, mental/physical health, and family/community environment. 9,031+ participants and their parents completed up to seven waves of surveys between May 2020 and May 2021, each measuring teen’s drinking and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. By combining a well-characterized, sociodemographically diverse, nationwide cohort recruited before the pandemic with serial assessments of that cohort across the first 14 months of the pandemic, the ABCD Study® has outstanding potential to study adolescent alcohol use during the pandemic. We pursue four specific aims. Aim 1: Describe adolescent drinking over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate associations of drinking with (a) engagement in public health precautions (e.g., social distancing), (b) changes in schooling status and format, (c) disruptions to daily routines, (d) emotional health and stress/worry about COVID-19, (e) family stress/discord, and (f) parents’ drinking. Aim 2: Identify vulnerable groups of adolescents whose alcohol use has been impacted most severely by the COVID-19 pandemic to inform targeted screening and support, testing for differences by youth sex/gender/age/race/ethnicity, socioeconomic disadvantage, family and peer environment, or youth predisposition to early drinking. Aim 3: Evaluate the association of COVID-19 infection in adolescents and their family members with adolescents’ pre-morbid and post-morbid drinking. Aim 4: Determine the impact of youth vaccination on subsequent alcohol use patterns. Research activities are structured to produce findings rapidly and disseminate them widely, to best support the time-sensitive public health strategy.