Genetic and Environmental Influences on Addiction

了解遗传和环境因素如何影响药物的使用和滥用可能是成瘾的关键 预防和诊断，以及开发新的有效的成瘾疗法。目标是 计划在#年提供4个博士前培训时段(每个为期1-2年，从第2年开始) 威尔·康奈尔研究生院(WCGS)神经科学和药理学课程的基本原理是 了解基因和环境对药物成瘾的影响。这项培训计划的一个独特之处是 教师在遗传(例如性别、单核苷酸多态、基因剪接)方面的专业知识的多样性 变异和表观遗传学)和环境(如艾滋病毒阳性、母体环境、发育年龄) 对成瘾性疾病的出现至关重要的因素。我们的教员在广度上也值得注意。 他们给成瘾科学带来的方法；我们有专业知识研究几个主要的滥用 药物(如酒精、鸦片、可卡因和其他精神刺激剂)通过表达影响神经元功能。 以及单分子的行为对调节行为的复杂功能系统的性能 啮齿动物和人类。除了我们才华横溢的教员外，这笔培训补助金将利用WCGS 卓越的研究环境、教育资源和招聘活动，特别是我们的历史 吸引和培训代表不足的少数群体成为基础和临床科学家。具有独特优势的 培训补助金包括：1)主任和联席主任在指导、教学和药物滥用方面的经验 研究；2)教员提供的多学科研究培训范围广泛；3)广泛 教职员工之间的合作和共同指导；4)强调“从工作台到床边” 翻译研究；以及5)建立了促进多样性和包容性的倡议。培训补助金教员 将分为三组：1)主要赞助商：NIDA任务支持研究的论文导师 计划；2)小赞助商：与主要赞助商合作的具有NIDA使命利益的个人 和他们的受训者；3)培训赞助商：在药物滥用研究方面有丰富经验的个人，将 与主要赞助商及其实习生密切合作。除实验室外，培训计划的主要活动 包括：1)专为T32(《成瘾与社会》和《痛苦中的挑战》)设计的课程 管理“)；2)以药物滥用为重点的戒毒活动；3)WCGS制定了培训计划；以及4) 在教学、指导、网络和职业机会方面的培训经验。这些活动与 现有的课程和课程，座谈会和讲座，以及每个学生的个人培养计划， 将为促进12-15岁博士生成功过渡奠定坚实基础 在生物医学劳动力的职业生涯中超过5年。

Understanding how genetic and environmental factors impact drug use and abuse may be critical for addiction prevention and diagnosis, as well as the development of novel effective addiction therapeutics. The objective of this renewal application plans to provide 4 predoctoral training slots (for 1-2 yrs each, starting in the 2nd yr) in the Weill Cornell Graduate School (WCGS) Neuroscience and Pharmacology Programs with the rationale of understanding the impact of genes and environment on drug addiction. A unique feature of this training plan is the diversity of faculty expertise in both genetic (e.g. sex, single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene splice variants and epigenetics) and environmental (e.g., HIV positivity, materal environment, developmental age) factors that are essential for the emergence of addictive disease. Our faculty is also noteworthy for the breadth of the approaches they bring to addiction science; we have expertise in studying how several major abused drugs (i.e. alcohol, opiates, cocaine, and other psychostimulants) impact neuronal function from the expression and behavior of single molecules to the performance of complex functional systems that regulate the behavior of rodents and humans. In addition to our talented faculty, this training grant will take advantage of the WCGS outstanding research environment, educational resources, and recruiting activities, particularly our history of attracting and training under-represented minorities as basic and clinical scientists. Particular strengths of the training grant include: 1) the experience of the Director and Co-Director in mentoring, teaching and drug abuse research; 2) the broad scope of multidisciplinary research training provided by the faculty; 3) extensive collaborations and co-mentoring between the faculty; 4) the strong emphasis on “bench-to- bedside” translational research; and 5) established initiatives for promoting diversity and inclusion. Training grant faculty will be divided into three groups: 1) Major Sponsors: thesis mentors with NIDA mission supported research programs; 2) Minor Sponsors: individuals with NIDA-mission interests who will collaborate with Major Sponsors and their trainees; 3) Training Sponsors: individuals with extensive experience in drug abuse research who will work closely with Major Sponsors and their trainees. Beyond the laboratory, key activities of the training plan inlcude: 1) courses designed specifically for this T32 (“Addiction and Society” and “Challenges in Pain Management”); 2) drug abuse focused retreat; 3) WCGS developed programs in fellowhsip preparation; and 4) training experiences in teaching, mentoring, networking and career opportunites. These activities together with the existing coursework and curricula, symposia and lectures, as well as each students individual training plan, will provide a solid foundation for promoting the development of sucessful transitions of 12-15 PhD students over a period of 5 years into careers in the biomedical workforce.