Dynamic dyadic parent-child interactions among CI-using children

项目摘要 使用人工耳蜗（CI）的聋儿的口语结果是高度可变的， 使用CI的儿童落后于听力正常的同龄人。在已查明的原因中， 变异性是父母的输入，有证据表明，父母输入的变异可能直接关系到 儿童CI后的语言结果。以家长为基础的语言干预，包括辅导家长 他们的语言输入，已经被提出作为一种改善父母输入的手段，从而改善 孩子的语言成绩。然而，我们目前还不知道父母的语言和反应能力 我们也不知道父母的语言如何影响孩子的语言 随着植入后时间的推移。这种对亲子动态关系的缺乏理解是一种 我们在创造有效的基于父母的干预措施以改善CI后语言结果的能力方面存在重大差距。 拟议的研究将通过确定动态和二元的， 父母语言输入与CI后儿童语言发展的关系。为了实现这一目标，我们 将对植入后儿童发育（CDaCI）进行二次分析 数据库，包括编码父母的语言微结构，父母的促进语言使用，母亲 敏感性和儿童自发的表达语言。将使用双变量变化分析这些数据 评分模型，使我们能够确定父母的投入和儿童之间的动态发展关系， 语言目标1将研究父母的语言，母亲的敏感性，和儿童的语言变化 时间目的2将检验父母输入和儿童语言具有双向影响的假设。的 获得的数据将提供初步证据，证明父母的语言和儿童的语言是相互加强的。 这些数据将为R01应用程序提供初步支持，以开发和验证干预措施 针对父母的投入，以支持语前儿童的语言发展，包括来自 历史上被边缘化的社区，推进我们优化语言和识字的长期目标 听力损失儿童的听力状况

PROJECT SUMMARY Spoken language outcomes for deaf children who use cochlear implants (CIs) are highly variable, with many children who use CIs lagging behind their peers with normal hearing. Among the identified causes of this variability is parental input, with evidence suggesting that variation in parental input may directly relate to children's post-CI language outcomes. Parent-based language interventions, including coaching parents on their language input, have been proposed as a means of improving parental input and thereby improving children’s language outcomes. However, we currently do not know how parental language and responsivity change over time following implantation, nor do we know how parental language influences child language over time following implantation. This lack of understanding regarding parent-child dynamic relationships is a critical gap in our ability to create effective parent-based interventions to improve post-CI language outcomes. The proposed research will address this gap in our knowledge by identifying the dynamic and dyadic relationships between parental language input and child language development post-CI. To attain this goal, we will conduct a secondary analysis of the Childhood Development after Cochlear Implantation (CDaCI) database, including coding parent language microstructure, parental facilitative language use, maternal sensitivity, and child spontaneous expressive language. These data will be analyzed using bivariate change score models, allowing us to identify the dynamic developmental relations between parental input and child language. Aim 1 will examine how parental language, maternal sensitivity, and child language change over time. Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that parental input and child language have bidirectional influences. The obtained data will provide initial evidence that parental language and child language are mutually reinforcing. These data will provide preliminary support for an R01 application to develop and validate an intervention targeting parental input to support language growth in prelingually deafened children, including children from historically marginalized communities, advancing our long-term goal to optimize language and literacy outcomes for all children with hearing loss.