Neurocognitive Mechanisms Linking Early Parent-Child Relationship Quality to Transdiagnostic Psychopathology at School Age

将早期亲子关系质量与学龄跨诊断精神病理学联系起来的神经认知机制

• 批准号: 10607038
• 负责人: Eric Phillips
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10607038
• 关键词: 2 year old; 5 year old; 7 year old; Address; Affect; Age; Child; Child Development; Communication; Development; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Early Intervention; Early identification; Emotional; Etiology; Exclusion; Executive Dysfunction; Exhibits; Family; Father-Child Relations; Fathers; Impairment; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Link; Literature; Longevity; Maintenance; Measures; Mediator; Mental disorders; Methods; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Neurocognitive; Neuronal Plasticity; Nursery Schools; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Play; Preschool Child; Prevention; Properdin; Psychopathology; Quality of Care; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Severities; Symptoms; Testing; Toddler; Work; caregiving; cohort; critical period; early childhood; early onset; emotion dysregulation; executive function; experience; infancy; meetings; modifiable risk; negative affect; neglect; parental influence; prevent; research and development; theories; therapy development

Project Summary/Abstract Earlier onset of a psychiatric disorder is associated with an increased likelihood of meeting criteria for additional disorders and impaired functioning across the lifespan. Thus, efforts aimed at preventing or reducing the development and maintenance of psychopathology early in life are of great value, especially when focused on identifying early modifiable risk factors and mechanisms most salient to its development. The overall objective of the present study is to investigate how the parent-child relationship across infancy and toddlerhood – a sensitive period consisting of increased neuroplasticity and sensitivity to the quality of the caregiving relationship – ultimately impacts the development of transdiagnostic psychopathology and its underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Additionally, to address the dearth of research on the importance of fathers on children’s development, we will examine the unique contributions of both mothers and fathers in the development of children’s psychopathology and its underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Based on prior theory and empirical evidence, we hypothesize that preschool executive control will be a mechanism through which the quality of both the mother-child and father-child relationship in infancy and toddlerhood impacts the development of the p-factor, a general shared dimension of symptoms that underlies nearly all forms of psychopathology. To test this hypothesis, the integrative, comprehensive construct of mutually responsive orientation (MRO) will be observed in both the mother-child and father-child relationships during infancy and toddlerhood as predictors of child executive control in preschool and the general factor of psychopathology at school age. MRO captures a dyadic level of relationship quality comprised of coordinated routines, harmonious communication, mutual cooperation, and emotional ambience (high MRO) and maladaptive qualities of the relationship such as hostile communication, lack of responsiveness, and high levels of negative affect (low MRO). Study aims will be pursued in an established sample of 159 families (mother, father, and child) who have completed observational paradigms when the target child was 1 and 2 years of age. Preschool executive control will be measured using a comprehensive, laboratory battery of nine executive functioning tasks at age 5 years. Child general psychopathology will be measured using both mother and father reports of well-validated, reliable, and developmentally appropriate psychopathology questionnaires of child internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and emotion dysregulation when participating children turn 7 years of age. Findings are expected to identify modifiable targets for developmentally informed prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing executive dysfunction and the subsequent development of nearly all forms of psychopathology across the lifespan.

项目摘要/摘要 较早发病的精神障碍与符合以下标准的可能性增加有关 在整个生命周期中出现额外的疾病和功能受损。因此，旨在防止或减少 在生命的早期发展和维持精神病理学是非常有价值的，特别是当专注于 关于确定早期可修改的风险因素和机制，这些因素和机制对其发展最为突出。整体而言 本研究的目的是调查亲子关系是如何跨越婴儿期和 蹒跚学步-一个敏感期，包括增加的神经可塑性和对质量的敏感性 护理关系--最终影响跨诊断精神病理学的发展及其 潜在的神经认知机制。此外，为了解决缺乏对以下问题的重要性的研究 关于父亲对孩子的发展，我们将审查母亲和父亲在 儿童精神病理学的发展及其潜在的神经认知机制。基于之前的 理论和经验证据，我们假设学龄前执行控制将是一种机制，通过 婴儿期和学步期母子关系和父子关系的质量对儿童的 P因子的发展，这是几乎所有形式的症状的共同维度 精神变态学。为了检验这一假设，相互反应的综合、全面的结构 在婴儿期和婴儿期母子关系和父子关系中都将观察定向(MRO) 幼儿时期是学龄前儿童执行控制的预测因子，也是儿童精神病理的一般因素 学龄儿童。MRO捕捉到了由协调的例行公事、和谐的日常生活组成的关系质量的二元水平 沟通、相互合作和情感氛围(高MRO)和不适应能力 人际关系，如充满敌意的沟通，缺乏反应，以及高水平的负面情绪(低 MRO)。研究目标将在159个家庭(母亲、父亲和孩子)的既定样本中进行 在目标儿童1岁和2岁时完成了观察范例。学前班行政人员 控制力将在5岁时使用由9项执行功能任务组成的综合实验室电池进行测量 好几年了。儿童一般精神病理学将使用母亲和父亲的报告进行测量， 儿童内化问题的可靠的、适合发展的精神病理学问卷， 外部性问题，以及参与研究的儿童年满7岁时的情绪失调。调查结果是 预期为发展知情的预防和干预努力确定可修改的目标 减少执行功能障碍和随后几乎所有形式的精神病理学的发展 在整个生命周期内。