Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study - Diversity Supplement

抽象父级授予 这一续签申请寻求对多种族队列(MEC)研究的基础设施的支持，该研究是 1993-1996年在夏威夷和加利福尼亚州南部成立，研究癌症和其他慢性疾病的风险因素 疾病。这项研究旨在利用这两个地理区域的种族和文化多样性 这些领域的研究以及研究人员在营养、族裔/种族差异研究和遗传学方面的专长。它 是现存的最具种族多样性的癌症队列。它通过显著提高成本效益 通过与SEER癌症登记、生命统计、 出院诊断、医疗索赔数据、电子病历和地理空间信息。在… 基线，队列包括215,000名男性和女性的信息，几乎全部由5人组成 民族/种族：日裔美国人、拉丁裔、白人、非裔美国人和夏威夷原住民。这个 资源后来被扩展到包括一个预期的血液样本生物库，这些样本来自大约70,000个 参与者和尿液样本的数量很大。MEC的领导需要一个高度互动的团队- 科学方法，调查人员充分表明他们愿意分享数据/样本，以及 积极参与联合体。研究成果包括对理解 癌症的遗传和环境风险因素。超过291篇描述我们的发现的论文已经被 在本赠款周期内出版。此外，在过去的28年里，NIH的129项赠款/补充资金 已围绕MEC建立(在本周期中有77人活跃)，以及136多名学生和博士后 研究员们已经接受了关于这项研究的培训。这份申请描述了我们未来5年的维护目标 以及加强MEC的基础设施以及方法学研究计划。我们计划增加 在新的5年中，发生癌症的病例将从目前的48,064例增加到7,253例；其中2,670例将有 诊断血液样本，将增加到目前的10,957例。我们将把6K个FFPE肿瘤样本添加到 电流~13K。此外，这笔赠款的续期将使继续实施一项综合良好的 旨在评估生活方式、环境和遗传风险因素以及健康的社会决定因素的研究 对于癌症和其他常见的慢性病，利用新的方法，如饮食质量 指数、暴露组学、基因组学、表观基因组学、微生物组学、代谢组学和多水平暴露，包括 空间环境、结构性种族主义和气候变化。MEC将允许对创新研究进行测试 旨在确保调查种族/民族健康差异和疾病进展的假设 预防适用于美国所有主要的种族/少数民族。

Abstract – Parent Grant This renewal application seeks support for the infrastructure of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study, which was established in Hawaii and southern California in 1993-1996 to study risk factors for cancer and other chronic diseases. The study was designed to take advantage of the ethnic and cultural diversity of the two geographic areas, as well as the expertise of the investigators in nutrition, ethnic/racial disparities studies, and genetics. It is the most ethnically diverse cancer cohort in existence. It achieves high cost-efficiency by significantly supplementing active follow-up information with computerized linkages to SEER cancer registries, vital statistics, hospital-discharge diagnoses, medical claim data, electronic medical records and geospatial information. At baseline, the cohort included information on 215,000 men and women, comprised almost entirely of five ethnic/racial populations: Japanese Americans, Latinos, Whites, African Americans and Native Hawaiians. The resource was later expanded to include a prospective biorepository of blood specimens from ~70,000 of the participants and urine specimens on a large subset. Leadership of the MEC entails a highly interactive, team- science approach, and the investigators have amply demonstrated their willingness to share data/samples, and to participate actively in consortia. Research accomplishments include significant contributions to understanding both genetic and environmental risk factors for cancer. Over 291 papers describing our findings have been published during the current grant cycle. In addition, over the last 28 years, 129 NIH grants/supplements have been built around the MEC (77 were active in the current cycle), and more than 136 students and postdoctoral fellows have been trained on the study. This application describes our aims over the next 5 years for maintaining and enhancing the infrastructure of the MEC, as well as plans for methodological research. We project adding 7,253 incident cancer cases in the new 5 years, to the current 48,064 cases; 2,670 of these cases will have pre- diagnostic blood samples, to be added to the current 10,957 cases. We will add 6K FFPE tumor samples to the current ~13K. In addition, this grant renewal will make possible the continuation of a well-integrated program of research aimed at evaluating lifestyle, environmental, and genetic risk factors and social determinants of health for cancer and other common chronic diseases, taking advantage of new approaches, such as dietary quality indices, exposomics, genomics, epigenomics, microbiomics, metabolomics and multilevel exposures, including spatial environment, structural racism, and climate change. The MEC will allow the testing of innovative research hypotheses aimed at ensuring that racial/ethnic health disparities are investigated and that progress in disease prevention applies to all major US racial/ethnic minorities.