Contextual Factors and Psychological Mechanisms that Support or Disrupt Biomedical Career Pathways

项目摘要 许多学生进入大学时怀着学习科学的兴趣，但最终追求的是其他 少校。其他人毕业于理科专业，但未能进入或留在生物医学专业 劳动力。走出科学的许多途径导致了生物医学领域的短缺 劳动力，特别是妇女、任职人数不足的少数群体和第一代 (FG)大学生。在生物医学领域对持久性的研究中经常遗漏的是 对坚持的心理机制的思考和对坚持的理解 如何围绕这种机制设计经验或体制支持。我的研究 该计划通过使用 心理镜头，重点关注动机轨迹和背景支持。 在接下来的5年里，我将重点讨论两个关键的开放问题：(1)什么样的发展模式 的激励信念适用于在生物医学职业道路上的持久力 适应模式因具有不同特征的个体而异(例如，URM，FG， 性别)？以及(2)我们如何改善大学期间的背景支持，重点是 以激励信念为中介机制，以留住更多的个体上生物医学 职业道路，特别是那些来自代表性不足的群体的职业道路？此Mira应用程序旨在 通过以下方式利用和扩展我广泛的多站点、多方法纵向研究 随着研究参与者达到以下目标，持续收集定量和定性的纵向数据 他们职业生涯的下一个阶段(大学毕业后紧随其后，大学毕业后5年) 来自两个独特的大学样本：(1)大型的、赠送土地的公立大学(密歇根州立大学 大学，N=1735；57%为女性；11%为URM；12%为FG)；(2)精英，私立大学(杜克大学， N=2546；女性54%；URM 19%；FG 9%)。此外，为了扩展这些的概括性， 将研究结果转移到第三所独特的大学背景下，并灵活地根据 来自原始队列的发现，数据收集将扩展到旧多米尼恩大学，A 为少数群体服务的公共机构(41%的城市管理机构，28%的联邦政府机构)。最后，还有一种替代方法 将致力于解决生物医学领域的持久性问题，即审查培训 未来的教师在丰富的课程背景下支持学生的积极性和参与性 机会与他们后来支持学生动机的方法有关， 订婚。影响：这项正在进行的研究计划将提供对这些类型的关键见解 所需要的背景支持和心理机制来鼓励 坚持生物医学科学事业，特别是在女性、URM和FGs中。

Project Summary Many students enter college with an interest in studying science, but ultimately pursue other majors. Others graduate with a science major, but fail to enter or remain in the biomedical workforce. The many pathways out of science contribute to shortages in the biomedical workforce, particularly among women, underrepresented minorities (URMs), and first-generation (FG) college students. What is often missing in the study of persistence in biomedical fields is a consideration of the psychological mechanisms involved in persistence and an understanding of how to design experiences or institutional supports around such mechanisms. My research program addresses this gap by examining persistence in the biomedical fields using a psychological lens, with a focus on motivational trajectories and contextual supports. Over the next 5 years, I will focus on two key open questions: (1) What developmental patterns of motivational beliefs are adaptive for persistence in biomedical career pathways and do adaptive patterns vary across individuals with different characteristics (e.g., URM, FG, Gender)?, and (2) How can we improve contextual supports during college, focusing on motivational beliefs as a mediating mechanism, in order to retain more individuals on biomedical career pathways, especially those from underrepresented groups? This MIRA application aims to leverage and extend my extensive multi-site, multi-method longitudinal research by continuing quantitative and qualitative longitudinal data collection as research participants reach the next phases in their career pathways (immediately after college and >5 years after college) from two unique university samples: (1) large, land-grant public university (Michigan State University, N = 1735; 57% Female; 11% URM; 12% FG) and (2) elite, private university (Duke, N = 2546; 54% Female; 19% URM; 9% FG). Additionally, to extend the generalizability of these findings to a third unique university context and to flexibly pursue research questions based on findings from the original cohorts, data collection will be extended to Old Dominion University, a public, minority-serving institution (41% URM, 28% FG). Finally, an alternative approach for addressing persistence in biomedical fields will be pursued, namely examining how training future faculty to support student motivation and engagement in the context of enriched curricular opportunities relates to their later approaches to supporting student motivation and engagement. IMPACT: This on-going research program will provide key insights into the types of contextual supports and psychological mechanisms that are needed to encourage persistence in biomedical science careers, especially among women, URMs, and FGs.