VIRAL LIKE SEQUENCES IN THE MOUSE

内源性前病毒和其他逆转录病毒样序列 被证明代表了许多物种基因组的重要部分 真核生物。这些追溯元素中的大多数不能再复制 以产生新的传染性病毒颗粒，但仍然可能 对寄主生物体产生深远的影响。它们经常出现在多个 复制体散布在整个染色体补体中。尽管大多数都是 可能是良性的，许多人被牵连到这样的现象中 诱变、致癌、重组和转位。虽然 这些遗传元素中的许多已经在一种 一系列真核生物，所有证据都表明， 都还有待研究。此外，即使是对于那些已经被归类的人 在某种程度上，我们几乎不知道这个序列是如何作为一种 一个物种内的“种群”。例如，给定内源性前病毒 在那里单一的元素已经被排序，并且有证据表明 同样的元素存在于基因组中的许多副本中，我们现在可以 询问有关变异(序列)和分布的问题 这些元素遍布整个基因组。这些问题的答案可以 提供有关模式的更有意义的问题的洞察力 这些序列的传输和进化。这就是我们的目标 项目对内生性人口进行了详细的分析 普罗鲁斯，第一批成员--斯塔文黑根和 罗宾斯在1988年，齐默勒和帕斯莫尔在1991年。 该项目的具体目标是：1)确定 这些元素在小鼠种内和种间的分配 Southern杂交分析，2)确定了一个更多的 最近使用锚定的聚合酶链式反应描述了这个种群的第三个成员， 克隆和随后的测序，以及3)克隆和鉴定其他 通过用探针筛选lambda DNA文库 这种内源性前病毒是特有的。

Endogenous proviruses and other retroviral-like sequence have been demonstrated to represent a significant portion of the genome of many eukaryotes. The majority of these retro-elements can no longer replicate to produce new infectious viral particles, but may nevertheless still have profound effects on their host organism. They are often found in multiple copies scattered throughout the chromosomal complement. Although most are probably benign, many have been implicated in such phenomenon as mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, recombination and transposition. Although many of these genetic elements have been described and sequenced in a range of eukaryotes, all evidence indicates that there are far more that have yet to be studied. Also, even for those that have been categorized to some extent, there is little we know about how that sequence acts as a "population" within a species. For instance, given a endogenous provirus where a single element has been sequenced, and where evidence indicates that the same element exists in numerous copies in the genome, we can now ask questions concerning the variation (sequence), and distribution of these elements throughout the genome. The answers to such questions can supply insight into even more meaningful questions concerning the modes of transmission, and evolution of these sequences. It is the goal of this project to undertake a detailed analysis of a population of endogenous proviruses, the first members-of which were described by Stavenhagen and Robbins in 1988, and Zimmerer and Passmore in 1991. The specific aims of the project are to: 1) determine the patterns of distribution of these elements within and between species of Mus by Southern blot analysis, 2) determine the complete sequence of a more recently described third member of this population, using anchored PCR, cloning and subsequent sequencing, and 3) clone and characterize other members of this group by screening lambda DNA libraries with probes specific for this endogenous provirus.