NEW METHOD FOR ASSESSING APPROACH AND AVOIDANT COPING

用来科普心理压力的策略似乎起着主要作用 在确定与压力相关的结果（如身体和主观）中的作用 well-being.应对可能涉及方法策略，其中注意力是 针对压力源及其对人的影响，或 回避策略，即注意力从压力上转移开。 虽然接近/回避的区别是由一些 现有的纸笔工具，这些措施受到各种各样的影响。 概念和方法上的问题。这个项目研究了一部小说 评估方法/回避应对的方法 个人倾向于与压力相关的负面影响。的 这种方法涉及量化个人的 情绪困扰的自我报告与生理反应一致 压力据推测，有效应对与以下因素有关： 这两个方面的压力反应之间的一致性， 有效的应对与缺乏一致性有关， 通过夸大（接近）或最小化（避免） 与生理活动相关的主观痛苦。这种假设是 从一个控制系统的框架，其中看到的负面影响， 作为指导认知和工具应对选择的反馈， 应答这一推理将在两项研究中进行评估， 这项研究将使用60名大学生的独立样本进行， 社区居民60人第一个是实验室研究， 在自我报告和生理反应的压力将创建通过 一系列标准的心理压力源。第二 研究将在自然环境中进行， 血压监测器将用于测量生理活动， 日记，以获得自我报告的影响。假设（1） 压力-反应一致性测量将显示出与以下因素的适度关联： 概念上相似的传统应对措施;（2）压力反应 一致性测量将有助于预测身体健康 在控制了传统的应对措施之后;（3）这些影响将 受试者内评估强于受试者间评估 压力-反应一致性。这项研究应该为 随后的研究中，压力反应一致性的评估可能 用于确定接近和回避应对方式对 身心健康。

Strategies used to cope with psychological stress appear to play a major role in, determining stress-related outcomes such as physical and subjectiv well-being. Coping may involve approach strategies, in which attention is directed toward the source of stress and its effects on the person, or avoidant strategies, in which attention is directed away from stress. Whereas the approach/avoidance distinction is captured by a number of existing paper-and-pencil instruments, these measures suffer from a variety of conceptual and methodological problems. This project examines a novel approach for assessing approach/avoidant coping as it pertains to the individual's orientation toward negative affect associated with stress. The approach involves quantification of the degree to which the individual's self-report of emotional distress is concordant with physiologic responses to stress. It is hypothesized that effective coping is associated with concordance between these two aspects of the stress response, and that less effective coping is associated with a lack of concordance characterized either by an exaggeration (approach) or minimization (avoidance) of subjective distress relative to physiologic activity. This hypothesis is derived from a control systems framework in which negative affect is seen as feedback that guides the selection of cognitive and instrumental coping responses. This line of reasoning will be evaluated in two studies, each of which will be conducted using independent samples of 60 college students an 60 community residents. The first is a laboratory study in which variation in self-report and physiologic responses to stress will be created through administration of a battery of standard psychological stressors. The second study will be conducted in the naturalistic setting where an ambulatory blood pressure monitor will be used to measure physiologic activity and a diary to acquire self-reports of affect. It is hypothesized that (1) stress-response concordance measures will show modest associations with conceptually similar, traditional coping measures; (2) stress-response concordance measures will contribute to the prediction of physical health after controlling for traditional coping measures; (3) these effects will be stronger for within-subject as compared with between-subject assessments of stress-response concordance. This research should lay the groundwork for subsequent research in which assessments of stress-response concordance may be used to determine the effects of approach and avoidant coping styles on physical and mental health.