New Technologies for Catalysis in Water

已经确定了一种形成纳米胶束的两亲分子“PTS”，它允许几种Pd-和 Ru催化的交叉偶联将在水中作为唯一的溶剂发生，并在室温下进行 温度，在很高的分离产率。新工艺包括Heck、Suzuki、Sonogashira和 烯烃交叉歧化反应，其中产物分离特别容易。其他几个 研究是基于“胶束效应”进行的。应用了“设计者”表面活性剂的概念 有机金属催化在这一提议中被提了出来，本质上代表了一个变量 被合成界忽视了。这项技术也将应用于其他 重要的交叉偶联反应，如胺化反应和氢化物与Michael的不对称加成反应 受体，都在室温下的水中。

A nanomicelle-forming amphiphile "PTS" has been identified that allows for several Pd- and Ru-catalyzed cross-couplings to take place in water as the only solvent, and at room temperature, in high isolated yields. The new processes include Heck, Suzuki, Sonogashira, and olefin cross-metathesis reactions, where product isolation is especially facile. Several additional studies are planned based on the "micellar effect." The notion of "designer" surfactants applied to organometallic catalysis is advanced in this proposal, and represents a variable essentially overlooked by the synthetic community. This technology also is to be applied to other important cross-couplings, such as aminations and asymmetric additions of hydride to Michael acceptors, all in water at room temperature.