Network determinants of risk among formerly incarcerated Latino men

描述(由申请人提供)：本申请涉及广泛的挑战领域01行为、行为改变和预防。具体主题是：为负性健康行为高危人群捕获社交网络信息；OD-09-003。在美国的拉美裔人受到艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病的不成比例的影响，这导致艾滋病成为拉美裔人的第四大死因。在拉丁裔中，以前被监禁的拉丁裔男子(电影)是艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播的关键群体。在美国的惩教机构中，拉美裔男性的比例过高，监禁已被确定为艾滋病毒的主要风险因素。尽管对艾滋病毒感染的脆弱性很高，但针对电影独特需求的艾滋病毒预防干预措施很少。大多数预防艾滋病毒的干预措施没有考虑到社会-家庭网络在电影监禁后经历中的作用。缺乏对背景因素的关注令人担忧，因为研究支持了解文化、家庭和社会网络因素对于减少不成比例的受影响人群中艾滋病毒感染的重要性，包括拉丁美洲人和以前被监禁的男子。目前提交的文件的总体目标是研究家庭和社会网络在电影中的作用，以便为以网络为基础的干预措施减少电影中的艾滋病毒奠定基础。为了推进这一广泛目标，我们提出了以下具体目标：进行60次基于网络的不限成员名额访谈，以得出：(A)关于电影重新进入社区网络的观点；(B)关于网络休闲活动的信息，特别强调吸食大麻和酗酒之后的性行为；以及(C)关于集体危险行为和网络成员在支持电影努力减少艾滋病毒相关危险行为方面的集体期望。2.)在以上收集的数据的基础上，制定了适用于电影的网络和个体HIV风险的语言和文化上的测量，并通过对200部电影和200个提名的网络参考的横断面调查，检验了网络和行为决定因素对电影HIV风险行为的关系。3.)审查酗酒和大麻滥用和性危险行为的集体含义(和与之相关的做法)，以便比较不同电影网络在集体艾滋病毒风险水平和网络一级保护因素方面的差异。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究将是调查以前被监禁男子网络中艾滋病毒风险的首批研究之一。1.这将是首批明确研究社交网络系统如何影响之前被监禁的拉美裔男性同时存在的性风险、酗酒和大麻使用的研究之一(电影)。2.虽然其他研究招募个人是为了创建肤浅的干预小组，在这些小组中，个人不一定相互认识(参加讨论非常私人的问题的会议)，但我们提出了一种网络方法研究，将导致未来在已经存在的电影社交网络内进行基于网络的干预，潜在影响增强整个社交网络的健康。3.拟议的研究将有助于新出现的关于少数民族男子健康的研究，并有助于对电影这一公共卫生中一直被忽视的群体进行有效预防方案的基础研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses Broad Challenge Area 01 Behavior, Behavioral Change, and Prevention. The specific topic is: Capturing Social Network Information for Groups at High Risk for Negative Health Behaviors; OD-09-003. Latinos in the United States are disproportionally affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic, which has led to AIDS being the fourth leading cause of death for Latinos. Among Latinos, formerly incarcerated Latino men (FILM) are a critical group in the spread of HIV/AIDS. Latino men are overrepresented in U.S. correctional facilities, and incarceration has been identified as a major risk factor for HIV. Despite the high level of vulnerability to HIV-infection, HIV-prevention interventions targeting the unique needs of FILM are scarce. The majority of HIV- prevention interventions have failed to consider the role of social-familial networks in the post-incarceration experiences of FILM. The lack of attention to contextual factors is worrisome, as research supports the importance of understanding cultural, familial and social network factors for reducing HIV-infection among disproportionately affected populations, including Latinos and formerly incarcerated men. The overall goal of the current submission is to study the role of familial and social networks among FILM in order to develop the foundation for a network-based intervention to reduce HIV among FILM. To advance that broad goal, we propose the following specific aims: 1.) To conduct sixty network-based, open-ended interviews in order to elicit: (a) perspectives about FILM'S reentry into community networks, (b) information on network leisure activities with special emphasis on marijuana and alcohol binge use followed by sexual behavior, and (c) collective expectancies regarding: collective risk behaviors and network members' role in supporting FILM's efforts to reduce concurrent HIV-related risk behaviors. 2.) On the basis of the above data collected, develop a linguistically and culturally appropriate measurement of network and individual HIV risk for FILM, and examine the relationships between network and behavioral determinants on FILM HIV risk behavior via the application of a cross-sectional survey with a sample of 200 FILM and 200 nominated network referents. 3.) To examine the collective meanings attached to (and practices related to) alcohol and marijuana binge use and sexual risk behavior, in order to compare differences among the diverse networks of FILM with respect to the level of collective HIV risk as well as network-level protective factors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study will be one of the first studies to investigate HIV risks among networks of formerly incarcerated men. 1. This will be one of the first studies to explicitly examine how social network systems influence concurrent sexual risk, alcohol and marijuana binge use among formerly incarcerated Latino men (FILM). 2. While other studies recruit individuals in order to create superficial intervention groups, where individuals do not necessarily know each other (to participate in sessions where very personal issues are discussed), we propose a network approach research that will lead to future network-based interventions within already existing social networks of FILM with the potential impact of enhancing the health of entire social networks. 3. The proposed study will contribute to the emerging research on ethnic minority men's health and foundational research for effective prevention programming for FILM, a consistently overlooked population in public health.